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目的通过对小金县9年来结核病痰涂片镜检结果分析,了解本县结核病发病情况,考察结核病性别、年龄差异和区域分布,评估结核病控制项目的效果,为临床确定结核病治疗方案提供实验室依据,考核疗效、评价防治效果。方法采集疑似结核病人痰标本,应用萋-尼染色法染色后,显微镜下观察,该法为结核病控制项目指定方法。结果 9年来检查门诊初诊病人1 169例,其中镜检阳性284例,涂阳率为24.3%,涂阳率呈现逐年下降趋势;年龄分布以20岁~组和<20岁组涂阳率最高;性别间,男性高于女性(P<0.05);本县4个区涂阳率以汗牛区涂阳率最高,达维区最低;不同痰标本以干酪痰涂阳率最高。结论通过痰检诊断传染性肺结核是实施DOTS策略的重要内容,项目实施以来本县肺结核病人的涂阳率呈逐年下降趋势,表明小金县结核病得到有效的控制。
Objective To analyze the results of sputum smear microscopic examination of tuberculosis in Xiajin County in the past 9 years to understand the incidence of tuberculosis in this county, investigate the sex, age and regional distribution of tuberculosis, assess the effect of tuberculosis control project and provide laboratory evidence for clinical treatment of tuberculosis , Assessment of efficacy, evaluation of prevention and treatment results. Methods Sputum samples of suspected tuberculosis patients were collected and stained with 萋 - Ni stain and observed under a microscope. The method was designated as a TB control project. Results In the past 9 years, 1 169 newly diagnosed outpatients were diagnosed, of which 284 were smear positive, the smear positive rate was 24.3%, and the smear positive rate showed a declining trend year by year. The age distribution was highest at 20 years old group and <20 years old group, The sex ratio was higher in males than in females (P <0.05). In the four districts of the county, smear rate was the highest in Khaniu district and lowest in Dawei district. The smear rate of different phlegm samples was the highest. Conclusions The diagnosis of infectious pulmonary tuberculosis by sputum aspiration is an important part of implementing DOTS strategy. Since the project was implemented, the smear rate of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in this county has been declining year by year, indicating that tuberculosis in Xiaojin County can be effectively controlled.