论文部分内容阅读
2012年4—11月在浙江省丽水市碧湖镇下季村进行田间试验,研究等量蚕豆鲜秆还田配施不同比例常规用量化肥对单季晚稻养分吸收、养分利用率和产量的影响.试验设置不翻压蚕豆鲜秆和不施化肥(CK)、常规用量化肥(CF)及翻压15 t·hm-2(GM15)蚕豆鲜秆配施0、20%、40%、60%和80%CF共7个处理.结果表明:在所有的蚕豆鲜秆还田配施化肥处理中,GM15+60%CF和GM15+80%CF处理的水稻N、P、K养分的总吸收量高于其他处理,但GM15+40%CF和GM15+60%CF处理的水稻N、P、K养分的农学利用效率最高.水稻稻谷产量与N、P、K的养分农学利用效率和养分生理利用效率之间均有显著的相关性,因此养分农学利用效率和养分生理利用效率2个指标可以用来准确综合评价N、P、K养分的肥效.与CK相比,CF和蚕豆鲜秆还田配施化肥处理的稻谷产量分别提高25.0%和6.1%~29.2%.在蚕豆-单季晚稻耕作制中,蚕豆鲜秆异地还田量15 t·hm-2不会使单季晚稻苗期产生僵苗现象.本试验条件下,从提高水稻产量、水稻养分利用率及降低环境风险的角度出发,蚕豆鲜秆异地还田量为15 t·hm-2时,以配施常规用量化肥60%为宜.
Field experiments were carried out in Xiajiacun, Bihu Town, Lishui City, Zhejiang Province from April to November in 2012 to study the effects of returning the same amount of fresh broad-leaved stalks to field on the nutrient uptake, nutrient utilization rate and yield of single-cropping late-season rice with different ratios of conventional chemical fertilizers The test was conducted on the fresh stalks of Vicia faba without stalks and with no chemical fertilizers (CK), conventional amount of chemical fertilizers (CF) and pressure of 15 t · hm-2 (GM15) And 80% CF. The results showed that the total N, P and K uptake of rice treated with GM15 + 60% CF and GM15 + 80% CF was higher than that of the control Higher than other treatments, but N, P and K nutrients of rice treated with GM15 + 40% CF and GM15 + 60% CF had the highest agronomic efficiency.Rice utilization of rice and N, P, K nutrition and nutrient utilization efficiency The two indicators of nutrient agronomic efficiency and nutrient physiological utilization efficiency can be used to accurately and comprehensively evaluate the fertilizer efficiency of N, P, K nutrients.Compared with CK, The yield of paddy with compound fertilizers increased by 25.0% and 6.1% -29.2%, respectively. In the broad bean-single cropping rice system, 5 t · hm-2 will not cause the phenomenon of stiff seedling at the seedling stage of single cropping late season.Under the conditions of this experiment, from the perspective of increasing rice yield, rice nutrient utilization rate and reducing environmental risk, t · hm-2, with conventional dosage of 60% fertilizer is appropriate.