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公路洪灾对公路安全畅通与发展建设具有重大威胁,并给公路行业带来巨大损失。以重庆市涪陵区境内国道319(G319)线为研究对象,依照该公路沿线地貌和水系分布情况,将其划分为340段作为风险评价尺度单元。从孕灾环境、致灾因子、承灾体因子和灾情因子等4个方面构建由15个评价指标组成的公路洪灾风险评估指标体系,并在ArcGIS软件平台支持下,通过相应的方法获取研究路线各路段洪灾风险评估各指标数据。采用综合评价方法建立公路洪灾风险评估模型,并据此计算得到涪陵区G319线各单元路段洪灾风险综合指数值,依据各风险等级阈值对路段洪灾风险进行综合分区。研究表明:涪陵区G319线洪灾风险以中风险为主,占路段总长度的65.17%;极高风险占0.76%;高风险占23.10%;低风险占10.96%,研究成果为公路防灾减灾及保障公路安全畅通提供科学依据。
Highway floods have posed a significant threat to the smooth flow of roadways and their development and construction, and have caused huge losses to the highway industry. Taking the national highway 319 (G319) in Fuling District of Chongqing Municipality as the research object, it is divided into 340 sections according to the geomorphological and water distribution along the highway and used as the risk assessment unit. This paper constructs a highway flood risk assessment index system composed of 15 evaluation indexes from 4 aspects of pregnant disaster environment, disaster-causing factors, disaster-bearing body factors and disaster factors. With the support of ArcGIS software platform, the research route is obtained through corresponding methods Various sections of flood risk assessment indicators data. A comprehensive assessment method is used to establish a risk assessment model of highway floods. Based on this, a comprehensive index of flood risk for each section of the G319 line in Fuling District is calculated, and the flood risk of the sections is comprehensively partitioned according to each risk level threshold. The research shows that the risk of flood in G319 line in Fuling District is mainly middle risk, accounting for 65.17% of the total length of road segment, extremely high risk accounting for 0.76%, high risk accounting for 23.10% and low risk accounting for 10.96%. The research results are highway disaster prevention and mitigation and To provide a scientific basis for ensuring highway safety.