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土地物权规范体系涉及时间维度和社会维度两个面向,这一过程体现了时代的政治经济背景作为宏观推力的重要影响。从法律系统内部观察,物权体系的初步框架是基于公地与私有土地构建出的“所有权一占有”二分体系;在公地多元化利用中逐渐催生出多种债权模式来排除城邦对于土地利用人的侵扰;随着永佃权、地上权、用益权与地役权等他物权规范逐渐成熟,最终成就“所有权一他物权”这一经典的物权体系,在法教义层面具有重要功用与价值。从社会系统外部观察,物权规范体系从来不单单是一种私法层面的权利架构,而是糅合着私人权利、各阶层的利益分配以及国家规制目的的混合产物。经由物权体系所构造出的多层次社会财产分配结构与社会财产秩序,起到社会结构的形成功能;国家也根据不同时期的具体规制目的,直接介入、调试和推动土地物权规范体系的变革。
The normative system of land ownership involves two aspects of time dimension and social dimension. This process reflects the political and economic background of the era as an important influence of macro-thrust. From the internal perspective of the legal system, the preliminary framework of the real property system is based on the dichotomy of “possession-ownership-possession” constructed by both public land and private land. In the diversified use of public land, Land use rights; With the permanent tenancy rights, land rights, usufruct and servitude and other legal conditions gradually mature, the ultimate achievement “ownership of a real right, ” the classic system of property rights in the legal doctrine The level has important functions and values. Viewed from the outside of the social system, the system of real right norms has never been merely a kind of rights structure at the level of private law, but a mixture of private rights, interests of all strata and the purpose of state regulation. The multi-level social property distribution structure and social property order constructed by the real right system play a forming function of the social structure. The state also directly intervenes, adjusts and promotes the reform of the system of land property rights according to the specific regulation objectives in different periods .