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目的明确膳食摄入因素对学龄儿童骨密度的影响及其作用水平。方法选取河北省唐山市2 046名1～6年级学生进行骨健康相关因素、膳食调查和骨密度测定。结果学龄儿童超声骨密度的声波传导速度(SOS)均值为(1 530.2±21.0)m/s,6岁时为(1 540.4±22.3)m/s,随年龄增长降低至9岁时的(1 521.9±20.0)m/s,10～13岁回升到(1 527.4±22.5)m/s;当每天面食摄入量200～400 g、豆制品摄入量25～49 g、奶类摄入量200～400 g、叶菜类摄入量75～124 g以及营养素钙摄入量50%～149%适宜摄入量(AI)、磷摄入量50%～149%AI时,其SOS值能达到95%医学参考值范围;当每天豆制品摄入量50～99 g、蔬菜叶类摄入量50～74 g、钙摄入量150%～200%AI时,SOS值水平高于参考值;将有影响的食物和营养素的适宜量带入回归方程后,SOS值初步呈现出随年龄增长逐步上升态势。结论膳食摄入对学龄期儿童骨密度增值有影响,经调整改善能利于骨快速增长期骨量的提高。
Objective To investigate the effects of dietary intake on bone mineral density in school-age children and their effects. Methods Two hundred and sixty-six students from grade 1 to grade 6 in Tangshan City of Hebei Province were selected for bone health related factors, dietary survey and bone mineral density measurement. Results The mean SOS of ultrasound bone mineral density was (1 530.2 ± 21.0) m / s in school-age children and (1 540.4 ± 22.3) m / s at 6 years old. 521.9 ± 20.0) m / s, and recovered to (527.4 ± 22.5) m / s at 10-13 years. When the daily pasta intake was 200-400 g and the soy product intake was 25-49 g, the intake of milk 200 ~ 400 g, leafy vegetables intake 75 ~ 124 g and nutrients calcium intake 50% ~ 149% AI, phosphorus intake 50% ~ 149% AI, the SOS value can Reaching 95% of the medical reference value. When daily soybean product intake was 50-99 g, vegetable leaf intake was 50-74 g, and calcium intake was 150-200% AI, the SOS value was higher than the reference value ; SOS values initially showed a gradual upward trend with age after bringing the appropriate amount of food and nutrients affected to the regression equation. Conclusion Dietary intake has an impact on the increase of BMD in school-age children. After adjustment and improvement, it will be beneficial to the increase of bone mass in rapid bone growth.