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从国内外海洋油气资源的勘探开发来看 ,海洋 (中 )深部地震勘探技术是海洋探测和油气勘探的一种支柱技术 ,也是获取海洋环境、资源、能源、权益信息的重要技术手段。由于海洋地质构造的复杂性 ,海洋 (中 )深部地震勘探技术具有其自身的特殊性 ,主要表现在数据采集和数据处理两个方面。文中阐述了海上中深层单分量地震勘探数据采集和处理方面的若干关键技术。数据采集包含 :震源特性、电缆质量、高分辨率大动态范围的 2 4位数字地震仪、合理的观测系统、设计参数选择和仪器接收记录因素的选择。数据处理中有 :静校正、吸收补偿、压制多次波等干扰、多次折射波的消除和偏移等。文中列举的若干重点技术 ,特别是在采集处理方面的相关问题也是国际上研究的重点和难点。发展海上中深部地震勘探技术 ,可以提高我国海上油气资源勘探和地质调查的整体水平 ,增加国际上的竞争实力
Seen from the exploration and development of marine oil and gas resources both at home and abroad, the deep ocean seismic exploration technology is a pillar technology for ocean exploration and oil and gas exploration as well as an important technical means for obtaining marine environment, resources, energy and rights and interests information. Due to the complexity of marine geological structure, marine (middle) deep seismic exploration technology has its own particularity, mainly in data acquisition and data processing. In this paper, some key technologies for data acquisition and processing of mid-deep single-component seismic exploration are elaborated. The data acquisition includes: 2 4 digit seismographs with focal character, cable quality, high resolution and large dynamic range, reasonable observing system, selection of design parameters and selection of instrument receiving recording factors. Data processing: static correction, absorption compensation, suppression of multiple waves and other interference, multiple refraction wave elimination and offset. Some key technologies listed in the article, especially those related to acquisition and processing, are also the focuses and difficulties of international research. The development of deep seismic exploration technology at sea can enhance the overall level of exploration and geological survey of offshore oil and gas resources in our country and increase the international competitiveness