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Ｍ盆地烃源岩主要分布于下白垩统ＡｂｕＧａｂｒａ组，为一套半深湖－深湖的沉积建造，主要生油岩为深灰色、灰黑色泥页岩．其中的原油具有高蜡、低硫和低气油比的特征．通过对烃源岩地球化学特征和烃源岩有机显微组分特征研究证实，该套烃源岩主要生油组分为陆源有机质经细菌降解形成的腐殖无定形，其次为壳质组；生油能力较弱的镜质组和惰质组含量较低．对主要烃源岩模拟生烃特征进行了研究，结果表明：这种有机质油气转换系数较大，并具有“两期生油”的特征，第一个生油高峰对应的模拟温度为３４５℃，第二个生油高峰为４２５℃，产生的油气具有生油量大、生气量小的特点．
The source rocks of the M basin are mainly distributed in the Lower Cretaceous AbuGabra Formation and are a set of semi-deep lacustrine-deep lake deposits. The major source rocks are dark gray and gray-black shale. The crude oil has the characteristics of high wax, low sulfur and low gas-oil ratio. The study on the geochemical characteristics of source rocks and organic micro-components of source rocks confirmed that the main oil-producing components of the set of source rocks are humic formed by terrestrial organic matter degraded by bacteria, followed by the crust group. Lower vitrinite and inertinite have lower oil production capacity. The hydrocarbon generation characteristics of major source rocks are studied. The results show that the conversion coefficient of this organic matter is large and has the characteristic of “two periods of oil generation”. The simulated peak temperature corresponding to the first oil peak is 345 ℃. The two oil peaks at 425 ℃, resulting in oil and gas with a large amount of oil, small amount of gas generation.