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为进一步研究分子筛CO2去除系统应用于空间站的工作可靠性和鲁棒性,针对空间站4床分子筛(4-BMS)系统中可能出现的湿度失效保护问题展开了实验研究.测试了两种载人航天分子筛材料TC-5A与PSA-5A,研究了不同相对湿度对CO2吸附性能的影响;比较了相同湿度条件下,进口气体CO2浓度、粒径及吸附温度的变化对分子筛吸附CO2性能的影响,采用不同实验方法探究了H2O和CO2在两种分子筛材料中的竞争吸附关系.结果表明:PSA-5A吸附CO2性能优于TC-5A,但对H2O的吸附率略低于TC-5A.H2O的存在对分子筛吸附CO2影响非常大,空气中相对湿度达到60%时,分子筛基本失去了吸附CO2的能力.此外,温度升高会造成CO2的吸附量显著下降,但对H2O的吸附量影响相对较小,尤其是当相对湿度较高时.这对中国未来长期运行的空间站分子筛CO2去除系统工作有效性与工作鲁棒性的评价具有指导意义.
In order to further study the reliability and robustness of the molecular sieve CO2 removal system applied in space station, an experimental study was conducted on the possible failure of humidity protection in the 4-bed molecular sieve (4-BMS) system of the space station. Two types of manned spacecraft Zeolite materials TC-5A and PSA-5A were used to study the effect of different relative humidity on the CO2 adsorption performance. The effect of CO2 concentration, particle size and adsorption temperature on the adsorption of CO2 on the molecular sieve under the same humidity was compared. The competitive adsorption between H2O and CO2 in two molecular sieve materials was investigated by different experimental methods. The results showed that PSA-5A adsorbed CO2 better than TC-5A, but the adsorption rate of H2O was slightly lower than that of TC-5A.H2O The adsorption of CO2 on molecular sieve has a great influence on the adsorption capacity of CO2 when the relative humidity reaches 60% in air. In addition, the temperature increases will cause a significant decrease of CO2 adsorption, but a relatively small influence on H2O adsorption , Especially when the relative humidity is high, which is instructive for the evaluation of the work efficiency and work robustness of the molecular sieve CO2 removal system in China’s future long-term operation.