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产后出血是全球孕产妇死亡的最主要原因。氨甲环酸(TXA)通过抑制纤维蛋白溶解止血,在产后出血的治疗方面已获得推荐。现有研究发现,产后预防性应用TXA可减少产后出血量、严重产后出血发生率,但不增加血栓栓塞性疾病的风险。因目前的研究质量有限,常规应用TXA预防产后出血尚没有被指南推荐,需更多的研究加以证实。鉴于产后出血的严重性以及高危孕妇发生产后出血的机会升高,在更多的研究结果证实前,高危孕妇应常规使用TXA预防产后出血。
Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death worldwide. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been recommended in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage by inhibiting fibrinolytic hemostasis. The existing study found that postpartum prophylactic TXA can reduce postpartum hemorrhage, severe postpartum hemorrhage incidence, but does not increase the risk of thromboembolic diseases. Due to the limited quality of current research, the routine application of TXA to prevent postpartum hemorrhage has not been recommended by the guidelines and more studies are needed to confirm this. In view of the severity of postpartum hemorrhage and the increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage in high-risk pregnant women, TXA should be routinely used to prevent postpartum hemorrhage before more studies confirm that high-risk pregnancies should be routinely used.