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卡马西平(Carbamazopine,CBZ)又名酰胺咪嗪,氨甲酰氮卓,属亚氨基二苯乙烯的衍生物,其化学结构和三环抗抑郁药物丙咪嗪基本相似。该药物经口服易吸收,与进食同时服用可以增加药物的吸收。在服药2~4 d后药物可达稳态的血液浓度,血液的有效浓度为2~10μg·ml~(-1),经过肾脏代谢,药物基本以代谢物形式经尿液排出体外,有少量经粪便排出。在1962年,Bolm首次使用卡马西平来治疗三叉神经痛。经临床证实卡马西平为治疗舌咽神经痛、癫痫发作以及三叉神经痛的首选药物之一。该药可延长动作电位的兴奋期,从而抑制发自丘脑腹前核到额叶神经冲动的传导。卡马西平不但具有抗癫痫发作的作用,而且还具有抗心律失常、抗外周神经痛、抗抑郁躁狂、抗利尿等的作用,在临床上的应用极为广泛。
Carbamazepine (CBZ), also known as carbamazepine, carbazide, is a derivative of iminostilbene and its chemical structure is similar to that of imipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant drug. The drug is easily absorbed orally, and taken at the same time eating can increase the absorption of drugs. The drug can reach the steady state blood concentration after 2 ~ 4 days of medication, the effective concentration of blood is 2 ~ 10μg · ml ~ (-1). After the metabolism of the kidney, the drug is excreted through the urine in the form of metabolites, Excreted by the feces. In 1962, Bolm first used carbamazepine to treat trigeminal neuralgia. It is clinically proven that carbamazepine is one of the first choice drugs for the treatment of glossopharyngeal neuralgia, epileptic seizures and trigeminal neuralgia. The drug prolongs the period of excitement of the action potential and thus suppresses the conduction of the afferent nerve from the anterior nucleus of the thalamus to the frontal lobe. Carbamazepine not only has the role of antiepileptic attacks, but also has anti-arrhythmia, anti-peripheral nerve pain, anti-depression mania, anti-diuretic effect, is widely used in clinical practice.