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紫菀具有重要的药用价值,为我国传统常用中药材,开展紫菀种质资源的鉴定和评价,是提高紫菀产量和品质的前提和基础。通过田间性状调查和室内分析,对取自河北安国和安徽亳州的44份紫菀种质进行性状和品质评价,并对种质遗传多样性进行聚类分析。结果显示:影响种苗质量三因素的变异程度为茎毛数>茎粗>芽距,室内发芽试验结果同样显示种苗的茎毛数对发芽率的影响最大,芽距最小;不同种源紫菀间的叶宽差异不明显,不同种源紫菀间的其他性状如叶长、株高和生长势等性状都表现不同程度的变化,不同种源间的干重和紫菀酮含量差异明显,都表现出极显著水平;不同种源间叶长、叶宽和株高与生长势呈显著的正相关,干重和生长势呈显著的负相关性,紫菀的干重和紫菀酮的含量呈负相关性;根据相似系数进行的聚类结果表现出明显的地域性,该研究明确了不同地区的紫菀为适应当地的生态环境,在遗传上发生了适应性的分化、变异,这为优良品种的选择和选育提供了有利的理论依据。
Aster has important medicinal value, as the traditional Chinese herbal medicines commonly used to carry out the identification and evaluation of Aster germplasm resources, is to improve the yield and quality of Aster prerequisite and basis. The traits and quality of 44 accessions collected from Anguo, Hebei Province and Bozhou, Anhui Province were evaluated by field investigation and indoor analysis. The genetic diversity of the accessions was analyzed by cluster analysis. The results showed that the variation degree of the three factors affecting the seedling quality was stem number> stem diameter> bud distance. The indoor germination test also showed that the number of stems and hairs had the greatest effect on the germination rate and the bud spacing was the lowest. There was no obvious difference in leaf width among different provenances. Other characters such as leaf length, plant height and growth potential of different provenances had different degrees of change. The dry weight and the content of purpurin between different provenances were significantly different The dry weight and growth potential had a significant negative correlation, the dry weight of purple asterisk and the content of shionone were negatively correlated The clustering results based on similarity coefficients showed obvious regional characteristics. This study made clear that different regions of Aster are suitable for the local ecological environment, and genetically adaptive differentiation and variation are the choices of fine varieties And breeding provided a good theoretical basis.