沿海地区的风暴潮灾是明代主要的自然灾害之一。明代国家应对风暴潮灾的措施主要有赈济灾区,蠲免田租、税粮及盐课,修筑海塘堤堰,祭祀神灵等。明前期国家荒政的执行较为有力,但中后期则逐渐废弛。在明代防灾救灾的过程中,地方社会中的宗族与士绅力量起到了重大的作用。 Storm tides in the coastal areas are one of the major natural disasters in the Ming Dynasty. The measures taken by the state to deal with the storm surge in the Ming Dynasty included relief disaster area, tax exemption, rent tax, salt and salt courses, construction of seawall dike and sacrificial gods. The implementation of the State Famine Relief in the pre-Ming period was more powerful, but gradually weakened in the middle and late stages. In the process of disaster prevention and relief in the Ming Dynasty, the clan and gentry forces in local society played a significant role.