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目的了解晋江市肺结核流行特征,为制定防治对策提供依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对2006—2013年疫情资料进行分析。结果晋江市2006—2013年共报告肺结核9 291例,年均登记率59.87/10万,涂阳总数4 145例(44.6%),年均涂阳率26.71/10万。流动人口登记率(76.61/10万)高于户籍人口(46.01/10万);夏秋季(58.9%)高于冬春季(41.1%);男性登记率(77.8%)高于女性(39.3%)。病例主要集中在15~54岁(85.0%),工人最多(46.5%),其次为民工(18.4%)和农民(11.5%),三者共占76.5%。分布镇前3位依次为陈埭、安海和池店(共占39.6%);患者主要来自转诊(78.5%)及因症就诊(18.9%),共占97.4%。结论晋江市肺结核疫情总体较平稳,但防控任务依然繁重,男性、青壮年和流动人口为高危人群,企业为重点防治区域,应作为今后工作重点。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Jinjiang and provide evidence for the development of control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the outbreak data from 2006 to 2013. Results A total of 9 291 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in Jinjiang City from 2006 to 2013, with an average annual enrollment rate of 59.87 / 100 000 and smear positive number of 4 145 cases (44.6%) with an average annual rate of 26.71 / 100 000. The registration rate of floating population was higher (76.61 / 100000) than that of registered permanent residence population (46.01 / 100000); summer and autumn (58.9%) was higher than that of winter and spring (41.1%); . The cases were mainly concentrated in 15 to 54 years old (85.0%), workers were the most (46.5%), followed by migrant workers (18.4%) and farmers (11.5%), the three together accounted for 76.5%. The top 3 cities in the distribution area were Chentao, Anhai and Chihshang (a total of 39.6%); the patients mainly came from the referral (78.5%) and the symptomatic treatment (18.9%), accounting for 97.4%. Conclusion The epidemic situation of tuberculosis in Jinjiang City is generally stable, but the prevention and control tasks are still heavy. Men, young adults and migrants are at high risk. Enterprises are the key prevention and control areas and should be the focus of future work.