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2008～2009年采用田间孢子捕捉法和随机区组设计对安徽省单季中稻区稻曲病菌(Ustilaginoideavirens)孢子释放规律、侵染时期和病害防治适期进行研究。结果表明,稻曲病菌孢子始见于7月中旬左右,第一个释放高峰出现在7月下旬至8月初,推测此阶段释放的孢子是初侵染的主要来源;8月下旬孢子释放量急剧增加,此时田间开始显症。晴天孢子以夜间(1:00、5:00)释放为主,白天孢子的释放量较少;阴雨天孢子全天释放,无明显释放高峰。以病菌菌丝+孢子悬浮液在剑叶露尖时接种,水稻不发病;在剑叶完全展开期至扬花期接种,发病率为1.2%～76.4%,其中以孕穗期(剑叶展开后5～6 d)接种发病率最高。药剂防治试验显示,水稻剑叶完全展开期施药防治效果最好,均在78.5%以上,提前或推迟施药防效均有所降低,故认为防治稻曲病的最佳时期是水稻剑叶完全展开期。
From 2008 to 2009, the spore release law, infection period and disease control period of Ustilaginoideavirens in single season mid-season rice planting area in Anhui Province were studied by field spore catching method and randomized block design. The results showed that the spores of U. smegmatis began to appear around mid-July, with the first release peak appearing from the end of July to the beginning of August. It was speculated that the spores released during this period were the main sources of initial infection. The spore release increased sharply in late August At this time the field began to show symptoms. Spores on sunny day were mainly released at night (1: 00,5: 00), and spores were less released during the day. Spores on rainy days were released throughout the day, with no obvious peak release. Inoculated with mycelium and spore suspension in the exposed tip of the flag leaf, the rice did not show any disease. In the full leaf stage, the disease rate was 1.2% ~ 76.4% ~ 6 d) the highest incidence of vaccination. Pharmacy control experiments showed that rice flag leaf full deployment period of the best pesticide application prevention and control are more than 78.5%, in advance or postponed pesticide control efficacy are reduced, so that the best time to control rice false smut is rice flag leaf Full expansion period.