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目的通过分析靖西县2008年手足口病(Hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)流行病学特征,为今后制定手足口病防控措施提供科学依据。方法收集整理2008年手足口病个案调查和疫情监测资料,进行描述分析。结果靖西县2008年发生手足口病75例,年发病率为12.42/10万。经过采样实验检测结果证实,本病流行为EV71肠道病毒感染所致。发病年龄为10岁以下儿童,其中以5岁以下儿童发病为主,3岁以下婴幼儿发病率高,占85.33%。湖润、新靖、壬庄、安宁、龙邦等乡镇,因流动人口较多,因而发病率高于其他乡镇,托幼机构、小学校也有散发病例发生。发病高峰季节为5～7月,其中以5月发病数最多,其次是6月和7月份。结论本病传染源种类多,传播途径复杂广泛,传播快,流行强度大,容易发生大流行,易感人群无疫苗可供预防,因此,加强疫情监测报告,提高疫情监测敏感性,广泛开展社会人群健康教育,普及本病防控知识,做好儿童个人及家庭、托幼机构、医疗机构预防控制措施是预防和控制本病流行的关键。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Jingxi County in 2008 to provide a scientific basis for future prevention and control measures of HFMD. Methods The case investigation and epidemic situation monitoring data of hand, foot and mouth disease in 2008 were collected and analyzed. Results 75 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease occurred in Jingxi County in 2008 with an annual incidence of 12.42 / 100 000. After the sampling test results confirm that the disease epidemic EV71 enterovirus infection. The incidence of children under 10 years of age, of which children under 5 years of age mainly infants and children under the age of 3 the highest incidence, accounting for 85.33%. The township of Hu Run, Xin Jing, Renzhuang, Anning and Long Bang surpassed the other towns because of the large population of migrants. Nurseries and childbirth agencies and primary schools also had sporadic cases. The peak season of onset was from May to July, of which the highest incidence was in May, followed by June and July. Conclusion There are many sources of infection in this disease, the route of transmission is complex and extensive, the spread is rapid, the intensity of epidemic is big, the epidemic is prone to occur, and no vaccine is available for the susceptible population. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance report of epidemic situation, enhance the sensitivity of epidemic situation monitoring and extensively carry out social Population health education, popularization of the disease prevention and control knowledge, good personal and family children, child care institutions, medical institutions, prevention and control measures to prevent and control the epidemic is the key to this disease.