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目的探讨氧疗对移居海拔3700 m高原人体缺氧损伤的预防作用。方法对海拔3700 m居住1年以上的120名男性青年随机分为A组(吸氧30 min/d,n=40)、B组(吸氧1 h/d,n=40)、C组(不吸氧,n=40),吸氧流量为2 L/min,连续吸氧30 d。检测吸氧前、吸氧15 d、30 d和停氧15 d慢性高原病(CMS)症状评分、睡眠质量评分、血红蛋白(Hb)浓度、HR、血压、呼吸频率、Sa O2和1000 m跑成绩。结果 B组吸氧15 d和30 d时与吸氧前比较,睡眠质量评分降低(P<0.05 or P<0.01)。A组与B组比较,吸氧15 d和30 d时的CMS症状评分、睡眠质量评分均降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);A组、B组吸氧30 d时和与吸氧前比较,Sa O2均升高(P<0.01)。A组、B组与C组比较,吸氧15 d、30 d及停氧15 d时,CMS症状评分降低、Hb浓度降低、Sa O2升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论长期低浓度氧疗,可预防慢性高原病,改善高原睡氧眠质量,稳定或减轻Hb浓度增加。每天吸氧1 h要优于30 min。停止吸氧15 d后,生理指标恢复到吸氧前的水平。
Objective To investigate the preventive effects of oxygen therapy on hypoxia injury at a height of 3700 m. Methods A total of 120 male adolescents who lived at 3700 m above sea level for more than 1 year were randomly divided into group A (oxygen inhalation 30 min / d, n = 40), group B (oxygen 1 h / d, n = 40) No oxygen, n = 40), oxygen flow 2 L / min, continuous oxygen 30 d. The scores of CMS, sleep quality, hemoglobin (Hb), HR, blood pressure, respiration rate, Sa O2 and 1000 m run scores before oxygen inhalation were measured at 15 d, 30 d and 15 d . Results Compared with those before oxygen inhalation, the sleep quality scores decreased on the 15th and 30th day in group B (P <0.05 or P <0.01). In group A and group B, CMS symptom score and sleep quality score decreased on the 15th and 30th day after oxygen inhalation (P <0.05 or P <0.01) In comparison, Sa O2 increased (P <0.01). Compared with group C, the symptoms of CMS decreased, Hb decreased and Sa O2 increased (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusion Long-term low oxygen therapy can prevent chronic high altitude sickness, improve the quality of sleeping in high altitude, stabilize or reduce the increase of Hb concentration. 1 h oxygen per day is better than 30 min. After stopping oxygen for 15 days, the physiological index returned to the level before oxygen inhalation.