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目的了解2011年北京大学北京地坛医院教学医院儿童手足口病住院患者的病原体分布情况及变化趋势,为手足口病的预防、诊断及治疗等提供依据。方法本研究共收集288例手足口病患者的咽拭子标本,使用肠道病毒通用型、肠道病毒71型和柯萨奇16型核酸检测试剂盒应用实时荧光逆转录-聚合酶链反应法(real-time PCR)进行检测。结果 2011年度本院肠道病毒阳性标本占51.74%(149/288)。病毒分型结果显示,EV71阳性标本占总标本例数的23.26%(67/288);CoxA16阳性标本占7.29%(21/288);非EV71非CoxA16型阳性标本占21.18%(61/288)。2009至2011年北京地区的手足口病病原学分析结果显示,3年间EV71阳性率变化并不明显;CoxA16阳性率显著下降;非EV71非CoxA16型阳性率显著升高。结论 2011年度本院手足口病患儿在主要流行期以EV71和非EV71非CoxA16型肠道病毒感染为主;北京地区2011年手足口病病原学和前两年相比非EV71非CoxA16型感染比例继续升高。
Objective To understand the pathogen distribution and trend of children with HFMD in Beijing Ditan Hospital Teaching Hospital of Peking University in 2011 and provide basis for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HFMD. Methods A total of 288 throat swabs were collected from patients with hand-foot-mouth disease. Using real-time fluorescence reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with the universal enterovirus, enterovirus 71 and Coxsackie 16 nucleic acid detection kit, (real-time PCR) for detection. Results The positive samples of enterovirus in our hospital in 2011 accounted for 51.74% (149/288). The results of virus typing showed that EV71 positive specimens accounted for 23.26% (67/288) of the total specimens, CoxA16 positive specimens accounted for 7.29% (21/288), non-EV71 non-CoxA16 positive specimens accounted for 21.18% (61/288) . The etiological analysis of HFMD in Beijing from 2009 to 2011 showed that the positive rate of EV71 was not obvious in 3 years, the positive rate of CoxA16 was significantly decreased, and the positive rate of non-EV71 non-CoxA16 was significantly increased. Conclusions The HFMD EV71 and non-EV71 non-CoxA16 enterovirus infections were the main epidemic factors in HFMD in 2011. The 2011 etiopathogenisis of HFMD in Beijing was similar to the non-EV71 non-CoxA16 infection in the previous two years The proportion continues to rise.