论文部分内容阅读
为明确玉米-大豆带状套作群体行距配置对套作大豆的影响,固定带宽为200 cm,玉米采用宽窄行种植,设定玉米窄行距离为20 cm(P1)、40 cm(P2)、60 cm(P3)、80 cm(P4)和100 cm(P5),研究了不同行距配置对套作大豆共生期光环境及其形态特征和产量的影响。结果表明:(1)套作大豆冠层的透光率和红光/远红光(R/Fr)比值随着玉米窄行行距的增大(玉豆间距的减小)而逐渐降低;(2)套作大豆单株的茎粗、地上部生物量、根长、根重和根冠比随着透光率和R/Fr值的增大呈现上升的趋势,最大值出现在玉米窄行20 cm(P1)处理,分别为2.02 mm、0.25 g、8.5 cm、0.034 g和0.14;而株高变化规律相反,最大值为31.9 cm,出现在100 cm(P5)处理中;(3)套作大豆的产量在P1处理和P2处理下差异不显著,最高产量为1 472 kg·hm-2,随后随玉米窄行行距的增大而迅速降低,并且与其冠层的透光率和R/Fr比值呈显著和极显著正相关。因此,在玉米-大豆带状套作系统中,将玉米窄行行距控制在20~40 cm范围,有利于大豆生长发育的光环境及后期恢复和产量形成。
In order to clarify the effect of spacing arrangement of maize-soybean banding intercropping on soybean intercropping, the fixed bandwidth was 200 cm and the corn was planted in wide and narrow rows. The narrow row spacing of maize was set at 20 cm (P1) and 40 cm (P2) 60 cm (P3), 80 cm (P4) and 100 cm (P5). The effects of different row spacing on the light environment, morphological characteristics and yield of interplanting soybean were studied. The results showed that: (1) The transmissivity and red / far red (R / Fr) ratio of intercropped soybean canopy decreased with the increase of narrow row spacing of corn (decrease of intergranular spacing); 2) The stem diameter, shoot biomass, root length, root weight and root / shoot ratio of the intercropping soybean plants showed an upward trend with the increase of light transmittance and R / Fr value. The maximum appeared in the narrow row of corn 20 cm (P1), respectively, which were 2.02 mm, 0.25 g, 8.5 cm, 0.034 g and 0.14, respectively. However, the variation of plant height was opposite with a maximum value of 31.9 cm and appeared at 100 cm (P5) The yield of soybean was not significantly different between P1 and P2 treatments, with the highest yield of 1 472 kg · hm-2, then decreased rapidly with the increase of the narrow row spacing of maize, and its light transmittance and R / Fr ratio was significantly and very significantly positively correlated. Therefore, in corn-soybean belt intercropping system, narrow row spacing of maize was controlled in the range of 20-40 cm, which was conducive to the light environment and post-harvest recovery and yield formation of soybean.