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目的建立大鼠氯胺酮灌胃给药致死模型,研究氯胺酮中毒大鼠体内的死后分布规律。方法雄性Wistar大鼠12只,随机分为2LD50组和4LD50组,经灌胃匀速注入2LD50(17.28mg/g)和4LD50(34.55mg/g)氯胺酮。观察给药到死亡时的生命体征变化及中毒症状,待呼吸和心跳全部消失时,迅速解剖,取心血、心、肝、脾、肺、肾、脑冷冻保存,碱性乙醚提取,气相色谱质谱法定性、气相色谱定量检测其中氯胺酮含量。结果各脏器组织氯胺酮含量由多到少分别为:①2LD50组:脑>肝>肾>肺、脾、肌、心血、心;②4LD50组:脑、肾、肝>肺>心血、脾、心>肌。结论氯胺酮灌胃给药致死的动物模型,可应用于氯胺酮中毒的法医毒物动力学研究。氯胺酮死后分布不均匀,含血丰富的器官如肺、肝较其他组织和血液含量高,氯胺酮中毒致死案件中,法医学鉴定时应全面正确的采取检材进行毒物分析。
OBJECTIVE: To establish a lethal model of ketamine administered intragastrically in rats and to study the distribution pattern of post-mortem in ketamine poisoning rats. Methods Twelve male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2LD50 group and 4LD50 group. 2LD50 (17.28mg / g) and 4LD50 (34.55mg / g) ketamine were injected intragastrically. The changes of vital signs and symptoms of poisoning after death were observed. When the respiration and heartbeat disappeared completely, the rats were dissected quickly, and blood, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and brain were cryopreserved, extracted with ether and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Statutory, gas chromatography quantitative detection ketamine content. Results The levels of ketamine in different organs were increased from more to less: ①LDLD50 group: brain> liver> kidney> lung, spleen, muscle, heart and heart; ②4LD50 group: brain, kidney and liver> muscle. Conclusion Ketamine can be applied to the forensic toxicokinetic study of ketamine poisoning by intragastric administration. After the death of ketamine uneven distribution of blood-rich organs such as lung, liver and other tissues and high blood levels, ketamine poisoning death cases, forensic identification should be fully correct detection of poisons for poisons analysis.