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针对中国北方草原区干旱频发的现实问题,采用统计学的方法,抽取了锡林浩特地区65户牧民家庭,进行入户的问卷调查.相关分析的结果表明:69.2%的牧民认识到干旱对其生产生活有影响;受教育程度(相关系数=0.302)、家庭人均收入(相关系数=0.404)和人均牲畜头数(相关系数=0.357)显著影响牧民对干旱的认知.在典型草原区,牧民对干旱的应对措施较清晰,主要以购买草料(100.0%)、处理牲畜(80.0%)、走场(33.8%)、圈养牲畜(30.8%)、外出打工(16.9%)共5种措施来减缓干旱的损失.牧民的列联表分析显示出,多种因素影响干旱应对措施:文化程度高的牧民选择走场的几率较高(54.5%);年长户主选择圈养和走场(37.5%);家庭人均收入高的家庭选择租草场、走场来缓解干旱的不利影响(53.3%);草场面积较小的牧民容易圈养(46.7%)和外出打工(33.3%);牲畜头数多的牧民不需要外出打工;认识到干旱的牧民会选择走场的比率高(40.0%).牧民对干旱的认知与应对措施研究将为草原可持续发展理论奠定基础.
Aiming at the problem of frequent drought in the steppe area of north China, a statistical method was adopted to collect 65 households in Xilinhot, and questionnaire survey was carried out in the households.The results of correlation analysis showed that 69.2% of the herdsmen realized that drought affected their production (Correlation coefficient = 0.404) and per head of livestock (correlation coefficient = 0.357) significantly affected herdsmen’s cognition of drought.Among typical grassland areas, pastoralists’ attitudes towards Arid responses have been made clearer. There are five measures to mitigate drought: forage (100.0%), livestock handling (80.0%), walking (33.8%), captive livestock (30.8%) and working outside the home (16.9% The herdsmen’s contingency table analysis shows that various factors affect the response to drought: pastoralists with higher education level have a higher chance of being walked (54.5%), older captives choose to go to captivity (37.5%), Households with high per capita incomes choose to rent grassland to ease the negative impact of drought (53.3%); pasturers with smaller grassland can be easily captive (46.7%) and go out to work (33.3%); Need to go out to work; Recognize drought herd We will choose to take the field of high rate (40.0%). Studies of Arid and cognitive response theory herdsmen will lay the foundation for sustainable development of grassland.