在资本主义体系内,大部分经济发展理论是假定该制度可以和谐地自我调整,并不考虑“区域”问题存在的可能性。这些理论认为,市场力量的自由发挥能保证工作向有劳动力的地方移动,或劳动力向工作机会多的地方迁移。由此会导致供需之间最终的和谐平衡。地区之间在利润、工资和就业方面的差异,即使存在,也被认为只是暂时的、由摩擦而生的,可以通过资本与劳动力的相应流动而自动趋于消失。新古典假说根据新古典理论,区域二元化或收入不平等的产生,只是均衡机制失灵的 Within the capitalist system, most of the theories of economic development assume that the system can be self-adjusted in a harmonious manner and do not consider the possibility of the existence of a “regional” issue. These theories hold that the free exercise of market power can ensure that jobs are moved to places where there is workforce or where labor powers move to places where there are more jobs. This will ultimately result in a harmonious balance between supply and demand. Differences in profits, wages and employment between regions, if they exist, are also considered as temporary and those born of friction can automatically disappear through the corresponding flow of capital and labor. Neoclassical Hypotheses According to the neoclassical theory, regional dualism or inequality of income inevitably results from a failure of the equilibrium mechanism