论文部分内容阅读
从矿物原料提取氧化铕通常采用还原沉淀法,使铕呈二价而与其他三价稀土分离开;稀土料液用锌粉使铕还原成二价,也可以用锌汞齐还原,或汞阴极电介还原,然后使铕成难溶的Eu S O_4析出,或者使三价稀土呈氢氧化物析出,而二价铕留在溶液中。工业生产上用这类方法有操作复杂的缺点,生产率低。用钠汞齐使三价铕还原成铕汞齐,然后用酸分介出铕的方法可以使操作连续,但由于汞的毒性,防护是个问题。
The extraction of europium oxide from mineral raw materials usually adopts the method of reduction and precipitation to make the europium divalent and separate from other trivalent rare earths; the rare earth solution uses the zinc powder to reduce the europium into two valences, and can also be reduced with zinc amalgam or mercury cathode After dielectric reduction, europium is made to precipitate Eu S O 4, which is insoluble, or trivalent rare earth is precipitated as hydroxide while divalent europium remains in the solution. Industrial production with such methods have complex operating shortcomings, low productivity. Reduction of trivalent europium into europium amalgam with sodium amalgam followed by acid-mediated extraction of europium can make the operation continuous, but protection is a problem due to the toxicity of mercury.