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目的 研究新生儿重症监护病房 (NICU)细菌的种类分布及其耐药情况。方法 对NICU 12 5 9例新生儿各种体液标本进行培养、分离、鉴定和药敏分析。结果 1892份标本培养共分离病原菌 5 49株 ,总阳性率为 2 9 0 %。其中革兰阳性球菌 2 5 9株 ,以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌占优势 ,其次为金黄色葡萄球菌 ;革兰阴性杆菌 2 65株 ,以肺炎克雷伯杆菌居多 ,大肠埃希菌次之。 970份血标本共检出病原菌 15种 2 3 2株 ,以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌占优势。革兰阳性球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林、苯唑西林及红霉素、头孢他定、头孢噻吩等具有较高耐药性 ,而对万古霉素、替考拉宁、头孢哌酮 /舒巴坦、克林霉素等的敏感性较高 ;革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南、头孢哌酮 /舒巴坦、羟氨苄 /克拉维酸仍具有很高的敏感性 ,而对庆大霉素、头孢他定、头孢哌酮、头孢噻肟、氨苄西林等的耐药率较高。NICU中检出率较高的病原菌中 ,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对万古霉素、替考拉宁、头孢哌酮 /舒巴坦、克林霉素、环丙沙星较为敏感 ,而对青霉素类及其它头孢菌素类的耐药率很高 ;肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌仅对碳青霉烯类、氨基糖甙类以及喹诺酮类少数抗菌药物敏感 ,而对第三代头孢菌素耐药率很高。结论 凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌等是NICU中?
Objective To study the species distribution and drug resistance of bacteria in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Methods A total of 125 59 newborns of NICU were cultured, isolated, identified and susceptible to antibiotics. Results A total of 5 49 pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 1892 specimens and the total positive rate was 29.0%. Among them, 259 Gram-positive cocci belonged to coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Staphylococcus aureus; 25 strains were Gram-negative bacilli, most of them were Klebsiella pneumoniae, followed by Escherichia coli. A total of 9 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 970 blood samples, with coagulase-negative staphylococci predominating. Gram-positive cocci have high resistance to penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin and erythromycin, ceftazidime, cefalotin, etc., while vancomycin, teicoplanin, cefoperazone / sulbactam , Clindamycin and other high sensitivity; gram-negative bacilli imipenem, cefoperazone / sulbactam, amoxicillin / clavulanic acid is still highly sensitive to gentamicin , Ceftazidime, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ampicillin and other higher rates of resistance. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were more susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, cefoperazone / sulbactam, clindamycin and ciprofloxacin in the pathogens with a higher detection rate in NICU, And other cephalosporins resistance rate is high; Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli only carbapenems, aminoglycosides and quinolones a few antimicrobial susceptibility, and the third-generation cephalosporins Superoxide resistance rate is high. Conclusion coagulase-negative staphylococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli is NICU?