为了促进工业大麻产业的快速发展,为大麻收获机械的研究与设计提供物料的机械性能参数指标,作为收获机具的研究依据,该文通过综合利用复合材料力学的基础知识对工业大麻茎秆的机械物理模型进行假定,再利用WDW-10万能试验机对工业大麻茎秆各组成部分分别进行轴向拉伸、轴向和径向压缩、径向弯曲等力学性能的试验,从而获得工业大麻茎秆的力学性能数据,再通过复合材料理论的基础知识进行综合分析与计算,获得工业大麻茎秆力学模型的性能参数,最后通过比较分析得出假定的数学模型基本可靠。通过试验得到的木质部轴向弹性模量为1 343.5 MPa,韧皮层径向弹性模量为3 607.5 MPa,茎秆的轴向弹性模量为1 743.50 MPa,茎秆的径向压缩弹性模量为88 MPa,木质部异性面弯剪模量为33.52 MPa,茎秆异性面弯剪模量为31.99 MPa,木质部、韧皮层、茎秆的同性面泊松比为0.3。通过试验数据可以看出,大麻茎秆的各组成部分具有优异的机械性能,其中韧皮纤维的机械性能尤其突出。试验结果表明,工业大麻茎秆径向结构符合复合材料的特性。通过测量工业大麻的力学性能参数,可为优化工业大麻收获机具的强度与刚度提供参考,使机具在收获过程中的功耗最少、割茬质量最高。 In order to promote the rapid development of industrial cannabis industry and provide the mechanical performance parameters of materials for the research and design of the harvesting machinery of hemp, as the research basis of the harvesting equipment, the article analyzes the mechanics of industrial hemp stem by comprehensively using the basic knowledge of composite mechanics Physical model to make assumptions, and then use the WDW-10 universal testing machine for each part of the industrial hemp stem axial tensile, axial and radial compression, radial bending and other mechanical properties of the test to obtain industrial hemp stem Then the mechanical parameters of industrial hemp stem were obtained through comprehensive analysis and calculation based on the basic knowledge of composite materials theory. Finally, the comparative analysis shows that the assumed mathematical model is reliable. The axial elastic modulus of the xylem was 1 343.5 MPa, the radial elastic modulus of the phloem was 3 607.5 MPa, the axial elastic modulus of the stem was 1 743.50 MPa, the radial compressive modulus of the stem was 88 MPa, the shear modulus of heterosexual buckling of xylem was 33.52 MPa, the shear modulus of heterosexual buckling of stalk was 31.99 MPa, and that of xylem, phloem, and stalk was 0.3. From the experimental data, it can be seen that each component of the hemp stem has excellent mechanical properties, and the mechanical properties of the bast fiber are particularly prominent. The experimental results show that the radial structure of industrial hemp stem accords with the characteristics of composite materials. By measuring the mechanical properties of industrial cannabis, it can provide reference for optimizing the strength and stiffness of industrial harvester, so as to minimize the power consumption of harvesters and the highest quality of cuttings.