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纳米Fe_3O_4的广泛应用增加了其暴露到农田环境的可能性,因此亟待研究纳米Fe_3O_4对农业生态环境的影响.本研究采用盆栽试验方式,研究不同浓度纳米Fe_3O_4颗粒(1、10、100 mg·kg~(-1))对生菜生长及土壤细菌群落的影响,并与相应浓度的普通Fe_3O_4处理进行对比.通过测定植物光合速率常数、植株Fe含量来评价植物生长;采用高通量测序技术研究土壤细菌群落结构及组成.结果表明:不同浓度纳米Fe_3O_4的影响不同.低浓度纳米Fe_3O_4能提高植物生物量,增强植物叶片光合速率,增加土壤中黄单胞菌目的相对丰度,降低蓝细菌、鞘脂杆菌纲的相对丰度,但对群落多样性指数影响不显著.高浓度纳米Fe_3O_4抑制作物生长,提高植株中Fe积累及土壤电导率,降低细菌群落系统发育多样性,降低黄单胞菌目、鞘脂杆菌纲相对丰度,增加蓝细菌相对丰度.此外,一些土壤功能微生物对纳米Fe_3O_4及普通Fe_3O_4处理的响应也存在差异,说明不同粒径及浓度的Fe_3O_4均会对土壤微生物群落产生影响,并可能影响地上部分植物性状.因此,在评估纳米颗粒的生物学效应时需较多关注土壤微生物.
The wide application of nano-Fe 3 O 4 increases the possibility of exposure to farmland environment, so it is urgent to study the effect of nano-Fe 3 O 4 on agricultural eco-environment.In this study, pot experiments were carried out to study the effects of different concentrations of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (1, 10, 100 mg · kg -1) ~ (-1)) on the growth of lettuce and soil bacterial community, and compared with the corresponding normal Fe_3O_4 treatment.The plant growth was evaluated by measuring the photosynthetic rate constant of plant and the plant Fe content, and the soil samples were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing Bacterial community structure and composition.The results showed that different concentrations of Fe 3 O 4 nanofillers had different effects.Low concentration of nano-Fe 3 O 4 could improve plant biomass, enhance plant photosynthetic rate, increase relative abundance of Xanthomonas, However, it had no significant effect on community diversity index.High concentration of nano-Fe_3O_4 inhibited crop growth, increased Fe accumulation in soil and soil conductivity, decreased the diversity of bacterial community phylogeny, , The relative abundance of Sphingobasidium, increased the relative abundance of cyanobacteria.In addition, some soil-based microorganisms on the nano-Fe 3 O 4 and The response of Fe_3O_4 was also different, indicating that different particle sizes and concentrations of Fe_3O_4 will affect the soil microbial community, and may affect plant characteristics of the aboveground parts.So, more attention should be paid to soil when evaluating the biological effects of nanoparticles microorganism.