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全国退耕还林政策文件中相关性较高的四个关键词,分别为“补助”、“种苗”、“监督”或“检查”、“巩固”。本文以上述四个关键词为中心,以文献综述和对比分析法,首先论述了全国政策文件中补助、种苗、监督或检查、巩固四个方面在每一年份中的相关性,以及政策演变的方向和内容,然后对比各个省份的退耕还林政策文件,论述了各个省针对自身特点,制定的区别于其他省的政策。并由论述发现,退耕还林工程分为四个阶段,并在逐渐的调整中不断完善,取得了一定的经济、社会和生态效益,但是到了第四阶段,所还林木的质量和成活率以及农户长远生计等问题逐渐突出。
The four key words in the national policy of returning the grain plots to forestry are the subsidies, seedlings, supervision, or inspection. Based on the above four key words, this dissertation first reviews the relevance of each of the four aspects of grants, seedlings, supervision or inspection, and consolidation in the national policy documents, as well as policy evolution And then compares the policy documents of returning farmland to forest in all the provinces and discusses the policies different from other provinces that are formulated by each province according to its own characteristics. According to the discussion, it is found that the project of returning farmland to forestland is divided into four stages, which are continuously improved in gradual adjustment and achieved certain economic, social and ecological benefits. However, in the fourth stage, the quality and survival rate of the forest returned, Farmers long-term livelihood and other issues gradually prominent.