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草食性昆虫取食植物时遇到宿主植物中大量次生物质的化学防御,研究昆虫适应植物毒素的反防御策略具有重要的科学意义。分别添加0.01%肉桂酸、0.01%水杨酸、0.01%花椒毒素、0.02%槲皮素、0.05%黄酮和0.1%香豆素等6种植物次生物质的人工饲料饲养斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)五龄幼虫48 h后,测定斜纹夜蛾幼虫中肠和脂肪体中谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)、羧酸酯酶(CarE)、P450的酶含量及头部乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的活性,利用半定量RT-PCR检测中肠和脂肪体中CYP4M14和CYP4S9的基因表达水平。结果表明:取食肉桂酸和香豆素后,斜纹夜蛾中肠中CarE的酶活性分别提高了1.67和1.37倍,取食6种次生物质均能显著提高斜纹夜蛾脂肪体中GSTs酶活性。取食肉桂酸和香豆素48 h后,脂肪体中P450酶含量比对照增加2.93和14.50倍。取食肉桂酸、花椒毒素、槲皮素和香豆素后,斜纹夜蛾头部AchE酶活性与对照相比提高了1.53、1.80、2.36和1.56倍。6种次生物质均可诱导脂肪体中CYP4M14基因表达,槲皮素、肉桂酸和香豆素强烈诱导CYP4S9在脂肪体中表达。表明,斜纹夜蛾具有利用植物次生物质诱导其解毒酶的能力,进而提高其对毒素的抗性。
When herbivorous insects eat plants, they encounter chemical defenses of a large number of secondary biomass in host plants. It is of important scientific significance to study the anti-defensive strategies that insects adapt to plant toxins. Spodoptera litura (Spodoptera litura) was fed artificial diet supplemented with 6 plant secondary metabolites such as 0.01% cinnamic acid, 0.01% salicylic acid, 0.01% sarcodin, 0.02% quercetin, 0.05% flavonoids and 0.1% coumarin ) 48 h later, the contents of glutathione S-transferase (GSTs), carboxylesterase (CarE), P450 and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in midgut and fat body of Spodoptera litura ), And the gene expression levels of CYP4M14 and CYP4S9 in midgut and fat body were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The results showed that after inoculated with cinnamic acid and coumarin, CarE activity in S. litura increased by 1.67 and 1.37 times, respectively. The feeding of 6 kinds of secondary metabolites significantly enhanced the activity of GSTs in S. litura . After 48 h of feeding cinnamic acid and coumarin, the content of P450 in fat body increased by 2.93 and 14.50 times compared with the control. After feeding on cinnamic acid, sage toxin, quercetin and coumarin, the AchE activity of A. litura increased by 1.53, 1.80, 2.36 and 1.56 times compared with the control. CYP4M14 gene expression in fat body was induced by 6 secondary metabolites. Quercetin, cinnamic acid and coumarin strongly induced the expression of CYP4S9 in fat body. It shows that Spodoptera litura has the ability of using plant secondary biomass to induce its detoxification enzyme and thus enhance its resistance to toxin.