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目的分析唐山市疾病预防控制中心诊断为尘肺叁期病例的发病和影像学特征,为尘肺病预防和诊断工作提供依据。方法将该中心1988年1月—2015年12月登记存档的70例尘肺叁期病例分为3个年代,即1988—1999年、2000—2009年、2010—2015年组,描述性分析不同年代尘肺叁期的发病和影像学特征。结果尘肺叁期由矽肺(68.6%)和陶工尘肺(31.4%)构成,不同年代尘肺叁期发病年龄、接尘工龄呈缩短趋势(P<0.05),2010—2015年发病年龄中位数(M)为49.00岁(P<0.05),接尘工龄M为8.20(P<0.05)。2010—2015年破碎工和成型工发病分别占总例数的44.4%和17.8%。2010—2015年黑色金属矿采选业、非金属矿物制品业和黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业发病分别占总例数的48.9%、28.9%和11.1%。位于前3位的大阴影形态分别是团块形(37.1%)、条形(25.8%)、圆形(19.1%)。大阴影病例中弥漫性肺气肿(62.7%)比疤痕旁肺气肿(37.3%)更多见,不同工种大阴影分布部位、形态、肺气肿差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。大阴影长径×短径均值为(5.8×3.0)cm。65.7%的叁期病例合并肺门改变,肺结核并发率较高(7.1%),8.9%的大阴影表现为孤立性大阴影。结论矽肺和陶工尘肺是尘肺叁期的发病病种,发病年龄、接尘工龄呈缩短趋势,2010—2015年病例集中在黑色金属矿采选业、非金属矿物制品业和黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业,以及破碎工和成型工,尘肺叁期病例具有影像学特征。
Objective To analyze the incidence and imaging features of Tangshan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention in the third stage of pneumoconiosis and provide basis for the prevention and diagnosis of pneumoconiosis. Methods Seventy cases of pneumoconiosis registered in the center from January 1988 to December 2015 were divided into three groups: 1988-1999, 2000-2009 and 2010-2015, and the descriptive analysis of different age The incidence of pneumoconiosis and imaging features. Results The pneumoconiosis stage consisted of silicosis (68.6%) and potter’s pneumoconiosis (31.4%) in three stages. The age of three stages of pneumoconiosis in different years and the shortening of the service life of dust were shortened (P <0.05). The median age at onset ) Was 49.00 years old (P <0.05), and the dusting service M was 8.20 (P <0.05). 2010-2015 The incidence of crusher and molder respectively accounted for 44.4% and 17.8% of the total number of cases. In 2010-2015, the incidence of ferrous metal mining, non-metallic mineral products and ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industries accounted for 48.9%, 28.9% and 11.1% respectively of the total number of cases. The top three shades are lumps (37.1%), bars (25.8%) and circles (19.1%). In the case of large shadow, diffuse emphysema (62.7%) was more common than that of the scar near the emphysema (37.3%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of sites, morphology and emphysema among the different types of workers (P> 0.05). The mean value of long diameter × short diameter of large shadow is (5.8 × 3.0) cm. 65.7% of triple-stage cases combined with hilar changes, pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by a high incidence (7.1%), 8.9% of the large shadow showed solitary large shadow. Conclusion The pneumoconiosis and potter’s pneumoconiosis are the three stages of pneumoconiosis. The age of onset and the length of service life of the dust are shortened. The cases of 2010-2015 are concentrated in the ferrous metal mining industry, non-metallic mineral products industry and smelting and rolling of ferrous metals Industrial, as well as crushing and molding workers, pneumoconiosis with imaging features of the three cases.