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B细胞的主要功能是分泌抗体和呈递抗原，并以此起始和活化免疫系统发挥正性调节作用。新近研究表明，一类具有负性免疫调节功能的 B 细胞亚群———调节性 B 细胞（Gregs）可通过细胞间直接接触和分泌白细胞介素10等方式下调免疫应答。 Bregs 在许多疾病中发挥着重要的调节作用。 Bregs 的发现、起源、分化将为全面、深入了解自身免疫病免疫耐受的机制，及寻找更合理的自身免疫病治疗方法提供理论依据和新的研究方向。“,”The main function of Bcells is secreting antibodies,antigen presentation and activating the immune system,so Bcells play a positive regulatory role in immune responses.Recent studies have shown that there is a B cell subset with the function of negative regulation-regulatory Bcells(Bregs). They can down regulate the immune reaction through direct contact with other immune cells or secretion of IL-10 etc.At the same time,Bregs play an important regulatory role in many diseases.The discovery, origin,differentiation and activation of regulatory Bcells will provide the theory basis and the new research direction for the comprehensive,in-depth understanding of immune tolerance mechanisms of autoimmune disease,and for the more reasonable treatment of autoimmune diseases.