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采用田间小区试验,以普通尿素为对照,在不同施氮量和施肥次数条件下,探究腐植酸功能性肥料(腐植酸尿素)在太湖流域水稻上的应用效果。研究表明,在常熟推荐施氮量255 kg/hm~2情况下,腐植酸尿素分两次施用的水稻产量和氮肥利用率均高于普通尿素分两次和三次施用,水稻产量分别增加了8.75%和5.06%,氮肥利用率平均提高了10.18%,但在高施氮量和低施氮量时,水稻产量低于相应普通尿素处理,但差异不显著;腐植酸尿素处理降低了稻田田面水铵氮浓度,从而降低氮素向大气(主要以氨挥发途径)和水体(主要指径流)迁移的风险。因此,腐植酸尿素在太湖流域高产水稻田上选择适宜施氮量255 kg/hm~2具有较好的环境和经济效益。
The experiment of field plot was used to compare the application effect of humic acid functional fertilizer (humic acid urea) on paddy in Taihu Lake under the condition of normal urea as control and different amount of nitrogen application and fertilization times. The results showed that under the condition of 255 kg / hm ~ 2 recommended by Changshu, the yield of rice and the rate of nitrogen use rate were higher than those of urea by two times and the yield of rice increased by 8.75 % And 5.06%, respectively, while the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer increased by 10.18% on average, but the yield of paddy rice was lower than that of common urea treatment at high and low N rates, but humic acid urea treatment reduced paddy field water Ammonium nitrogen concentration, thereby reducing the risk of nitrogen migrating to the atmosphere (mainly ammonia volatilization) and water (mainly runoff). Therefore, humic acid urea has good environmental and economic benefits in the high-yielding paddy fields of Taihu Lake. The suitable nitrogen application rate is 255 kg / hm ~ 2.