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目的研究蛇毒粗毒的抗菌作用,并比较不同蛇毒对不同细菌的抑制效果。方法采用抑菌环法测定蛇岛蝮、江浙蝮和短尾蝮蛇毒粗毒对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌以及白色念珠菌的抗菌作用,比较不同蛇毒粗毒的抗菌效果;加入过氧化氢酶(catalase),考察蛇毒抗菌作用的变化。结果 (1)3种蛇毒粗毒对5种细菌均呈现不同程度的抑制作用。(2)3种蛇毒粗毒对5种细菌的抑制作用大小依次为:金黄色葡萄球菌>白色念珠菌>大肠埃希菌或铜绿假单胞菌>枯草芽孢杆菌。(3)加入catalase后,蛇毒的抗菌作用明显减弱。结论 (1)3种蛇毒粗毒均具有一定的抗菌作用,并具有明显抑菌选择性。(2)3种蛇毒的抗菌效果不同,蛇岛蝮蛇抗菌作用最强。(3)catalase能显著降低蛇毒的抗菌活性,表明L-氨基酸氧化酶是蛇毒起抗菌作用的主要成分。
Objective To study the antibacterial effect of snake venom on venom and to compare the inhibitory effect of different venom on different bacteria. Methods The antibacterial activity of Rhododendron cuspidatus, Rhizoma kadsura and Sturgeon venom were tested by antibacterial ring method. The antibacterial effects of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans were different Snake venom poisonous antibacterial effect; add catalase, examine the snake venom antibacterial effect change. Results (1) Three kinds of snake venom poisoning on the five kinds of bacteria showed varying degrees of inhibition. (2) The inhibitory effects of three kinds of snake venoms on five kinds of bacteria were as follows: Staphylococcus aureus> Candida albicans> Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa> Bacillus subtilis. (3) After adding catalase, the antimicrobial effect of snake venom was obviously weakened. Conclusion (1) The three kinds of snake venom crude drugs have some antibacterial effect, and has obvious antibacterial selectivity. (2) The antibacterial effect of the three kinds of snake venom is different, the snakehead viper has the strongest antibacterial effect. (3) catalase can significantly reduce the antibacterial activity of snake venom, indicating that L-amino acid oxidase is the main component of snake venom to play an antibacterial effect.