论文部分内容阅读
胡杨(Populus diversifolia)系杨柳科植物,是荒漠区有代表性的高大乔木,亦称“胡桐”,维吾尔语称“托乎拉克”,被列为国家三级保护植物.生长在新疆尉犁和轮台县境内,是有名的抗风沙植物,具有“沙漠卫士”之称.一、胡杨的形态特征和生态习性胡杨的地上部分茎杆粗高、枝多叶小,叶表面常有腊质,这与干旱气候相适应.胡杨枝富含盐量,嘴咬有咸味.叶大小形态不相同,一般苗期和萌枝叶披针形、线状披针形,近全缘;成年枝叶卵形、扁卵形、肾形,先端有粗锯齿,因此,当地农牧民形象地把它叫做“异叶杨”.胡杨的地下部分有庞大的水平根系网,最远的可伸到30—40米远,利于吸收水份和抵御风暴.胡杨的生长对土壤质地没有明显要求,只要水分条件好,一般都可正常生长.胡杨对盐渍化土壤有很强的适应能力,在我区境内有许多地方土壤表层含盐量高达50%,胡杨仍能正常生长.
Populus diversifolia is a kind of tall and willow plant, which is a representative tall tree in the desert area, also known as the “Hu Tong”, Uyghur language called “Tuohuolake” and is listed as a national tertiary protection plant. Rotary County, is well-known wind-blown plants, with the “desert guard.” First, the morphological characteristics and ecological habits of Populus euphratica aerial parts of stem tall, branches and more leaves, the leaf surface often waxy, This is compatible with the arid climate. Populus branch rich in salt content, mouth biting salty. Leaf size and shape are not the same, the general seedling and Meng branches lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, nearly entire; adult foliage oval , The flat oval, kidney-shaped, apex has coarse serrated, so the local farmers and herdsmen vividly called it “different Ye Yang.” The underground part of Populus euphratica has a large horizontal root network, the furthest can reach 30-40 Meters away, conducive to absorb moisture and resist the storm. Populus euphratica growth of the soil texture no significant requirements, as long as the water conditions are good, generally can grow normally. Populus salinization soil has a strong adaptability in our area In many parts of the soil surface salt up to 50%, Populus still normal birth .