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以大蒜秸秆水浸液为试材,以番茄、辣椒、黄瓜、莴苣、大葱和洋葱为受体材料,研究了大蒜秸秆水浸液对不同受体蔬菜的发芽率、胚芽和胚根长及鲜重的影响,用薄层层析试验,分离大蒜秸秆水浸液中的化感物质,研究其对莴苣的生物活性,并鉴定出抑制物质,为高效利用大蒜秸秆的化感作用提供理论依据。结果表明:不同浓度的大蒜秸秆水浸液对番茄和辣椒种子发芽率均有抑制作用,但对黄瓜种子的发芽率无明显影响;水浸液对番茄、黄瓜、辣椒胚芽和胚根的影响均为低浓度促进高浓度抑制的双重浓度效应;但对同属作物洋葱和大葱的萌芽指标均表现为抑制作用。经薄层层析得到的5个斑点中,斑点2、3、5对莴苣的萌芽有抑制作用,经GC-MS鉴定:斑点2中以芳香族化合物为主;斑点3主要以联苯和1-甲基萘等为主;斑点5以脂肪族酯类和芳香族化合物为主。
Taking garlic straw aqueous extract as test material and tomato, pepper, cucumber, lettuce, green onion and onion as acceptor materials, the germination rate, germination and radicle length of garlic straw immersed in different acceptor vegetables were studied. Heavy effects, the thin layer chromatography test was used to separate the allelochemicals in the garlic straw leachate, study its biological activity on lettuce, and identify the inhibitory substances, so as to provide the theoretical basis for the efficient use of the allelopathic effect of garlic straw. The results showed that different concentrations of garlic straw aqueous extracts inhibited the germination rate of tomato and pepper seeds, but had no significant effect on the germination rate of cucumber seeds. The effects of aqueous extracts on germ and radicle of tomato, cucumber, pepper It is a double concentration effect of low concentration to promote high concentration inhibition. However, the germination indexes of onions and scallions of the same crops all showed inhibition. Among the five spots obtained by TLC, the spots 2,3,5 inhibited the germination of lettuce and were identified by GC-MS. Aromatics were mainly found in spot 2; spot 3 mainly consisted of biphenyl and 1 - methylnaphthalene and other mainly spot 5 to aliphatic esters and aromatic compounds.