我们必须批判地阐明康德风格的科学态度,并借此澄清康德的哲学研究中缺乏彻底精神的缺点——这个缺点已被我们克服。——胡塞尔(《欧洲科学的危机与先验现象学》,§27)不论是康德还是胡塞尔,都把作为知识之最基本表达形式的判断看作认知“综合”的产物。但康德认为,认知综合是主动的,而胡塞尔却认为,认知综合不仅是主动的,而且是被动的。综合到底是主动的还是被动的,抑或既是主动的又是被 We must critically elucidate Kant’s scientific attitude and thereby clarify the shortcomings of Kant’s philosophy of lacking thoroughness - a shortcoming we have overcome. - Husserl (“The Crisis and Transcendental Phenomenology of European Science”, §27) Both Kant and Husserl take the judgment as the most basic form of knowledge as cognitive product. However, Kant believes that cognitive synthesis is active, and Husserl believes that cognitive synthesis is not only active but also passive. Integrated in the end is active or passive, or both active and passive