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目的了解上海市崇明县2014年感染性腹泻病原菌的分布、流行病学特征和药物敏感情况,为临床合理用药及预防工作提供科学依据。方法对监测医院肠道门诊的感染性腹泻患者按一定的抽样间隔进行调查,并采集患者的肛拭标本进行细菌分离检测,用K-B法对检出的致病菌进行药物敏感试验。结果 2014年监测点医院共监测到腹泻标本108例,检出病原菌株13例,检出率为12.04%。检出的主要致病菌为致泻性大肠埃希菌(46.15%,6/13)、副溶血性弧菌(30.77%,4/13)、沙门菌(15.38%,2/13)、空肠弯曲菌(7.69%,1/13)。药敏试验结果显示,各菌属对抗生素都有不同程度的耐药。结论 2014年崇明县监测医院腹泻患者中的病原菌以致泻性大肠杆菌为主,夏秋季节是细菌感染性腹泻的高发季节,各种病原菌耐药性不同,应加强主动监测。
Objective To understand the distribution, epidemiological characteristics and drug susceptibility of infectious diarrhea pathogens in Chongming County, Shanghai in 2014 to provide a scientific basis for clinical rational drug use and prevention. Methods The patients with infectious diarrhea in the gut clinic of the hospital were surveyed at certain sampling intervals. The samples of anal swabs were collected for bacterial isolation test. The K-B method was used to conduct drug-sensitive tests on the detected pathogens. Results A total of 108 cases of diarrhea were detected at the monitoring sites in 2014, and 13 strains of pathogens were detected. The detection rate was 12.04%. The main pathogens detected were diarrheal Escherichia coli (46.15%, 6/13), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (30.77%, 4/13), Salmonella (15.38%, 2/13), jejunum Campylobacter (7.69%, 1/13). Susceptibility test results show that each strain of antibiotics have different levels of resistance. Conclusions In 2014, the pathogens in diarrhea patients in Chongming County Surveillance Hospital mainly caused by diarrheal Escherichia coli. The summer and autumn seasons were the high season for bacterial infectious diarrhea. Various pathogenic bacteria were different in drug resistance and should be actively monitored.