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从19世纪70年代以来,语篇的研究、尤其是语篇理解的研究受到认知语言学和心理语言学的深刻影响。语篇被看成一种有结构、有意图的符号编码和解码的创造活动。语篇活动连接着生成和理解两种活动。以往的语篇研究虽然也吸收了一些心理学的方法,但从不同程度上把接受者的心理过程放在次要的位置上,而认知观的代表则认为,语篇理解者的意图和心理过程同样重要。以心理活动过程为基础的语篇理论,把交际者的知识系统纳入了篇章语言学描写对象的范畴。语篇理解是一个多层次、多侧面的心理加工过程,在语篇理解的过程中,推理是非常重要的活动。人们把认知心理学引入阅读理解的实践中,不仅可以帮助读者认清理解的实质,也可以提高阅读效益和理解质量,具有重要的意义。
Since the 1970s, the study of discourse, especially the study of discourse comprehension has been profoundly influenced by cognitive linguistics and psycholinguistics. Discourse is seen as a structured, intentional symbolic encoding and decoding of creative activity. Textual activity connects both generating and understanding activities. Although the past discourse research also absorbed some psychological methods, it took the recipient’s psychological process to a secondary position to varying degrees, while the representatives of cognitive view believed that the intent of discourse comprehension and Psychological process is equally important. Discourse theory based on the process of psychological activities, the communicator’s knowledge system into the discourse of the object of linguistic category. Discourse comprehension is a multi-level and multi-sided psychological process. In the course of discourse comprehension, reasoning is a very important activity. The introduction of cognitive psychology into the practice of reading comprehension not only helps readers understand the essence of understanding, but also improves the reading efficiency and quality of understanding, which is of great significance.