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目的 分析北京市严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS)流行病学特征。方法 对北京市疾病预防控制中心 2 0 0 3年SARS疫情数据库进行分析。结果 北京市SARS流行过程分五个阶段 ,各阶段发病构成如下 :输入扩散期 (3月 1～ 31日 )为 2 .7% ;上升期 (4月 1～ 15日 )为 13.6 % ;高峰期 (4月16日至 5月 4日 )为 71.0 % ;下降期 (5月 5～ 18日 )为 11.6 % ;终止期 (5月 19～ 2 8日 )为 1.1%。北京市SARS临床诊断病例 2 5 2 1例 ,发病率为 18.5 7/10万 ,死亡 192例 ,死亡率和病死率分别为 1.4 1/10万和 7.6 %。男女发病比例为 1∶0 .97,2 0～ 2 9岁组发病率最高 (30 .85 /10万 ) ,0～ 14岁组最低 (2 .5 4 /10万 ) ,患者以青壮年为主 ,占 72 .3%。城区、近郊区和远郊区 (县 )发病率分别为 32 .2 5 /10万、2 0 .5 7/10万和 8.90 /10万 ,呈现随人口密度下降发病逐渐下降的趋势。不同职业中 ,医务人员 (17.3% )、干部职员 (12 .9% )、离退休人员 (11.4 % )、工人 (9.7% )和家务待业人员 (8.8% )居发病构成前五位。病死率随年龄显著升高。结论 北京市是全球SARS流行强度最高的地区 ,但是病死率最低。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Beijing. Methods The SARS outbreak database of 2003 in Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention was analyzed. Results The epidemic of SARS in Beijing was divided into five stages. The incidence of SARS in each stage was as follows: the input diffusion period (March 1 to 31) was 2.7%; the rising period (April 1 to 15) was 13.6%; the peak period (April 16 to May 4) was 71.0%; the declining period (May 5 to May 18) was 11.6%; and the expiry period (May 19 to August 8) was 1.1%. There were 2 521 clinically diagnosed cases of SARS in Beijing, with an incidence rate of 18.57 / 100000 and 192 deaths. The mortality and the mortality rate were 1.4 1/100 and 7.6% respectively. The incidence of males and females was 1: 0.97. The highest incidence was found in 20 ~ 29 years old group (30.85 / 100000), the lowest was (4.54 / 100000) in 0-14 years group, Lord, accounting for 72.3%. The incidence rates of urban areas, suburban areas and suburbs (counties) were 32.25 / 100,000, 25.7 / 100,000 and 8.90 / 100,000 respectively, showing a gradual decline with the decline of population density. Medical staff (17.3%), cadres (12.9%), retired staff (11.4%), workers (9.7%) and domestic workers (8.8%) occupy the top five positions in different occupations. Mortality increased significantly with age. Conclusion Beijing is the most endemic area of SARS in the world with the lowest case fatality rate.