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十月革命前的俄国,由于医生人数少,医疗服务条件很差,人们的平均寿命只有32岁,婴儿中约有269‰人在1岁内夭折,43％的儿童活不到5岁。为了生计,大多数妇女在极其恶劣的环境中从事繁重的体力劳动,孕期得不到保健。由于医院稀少,收费昂贵,全国只有1.43/万的孕妇能在医院分娩,其余不得不在家中简陋的条件下分娩。因而患病机会很多,母婴死亡率均很高。如今,苏联的医疗卫生事业发展迅速,全苏现拥有医师120万人,占全世界医生总数的四分之一,是世界上人口平均医生数最多的国家,而且医生的总体素质水平也较高,是医疗卫生保健最普及的国
Before the October Revolution, Russia, with a small number of doctors and poor medical conditions, had an average life expectancy of 32 years. About 269% of babies died in their first year of life and 43% of children did not live to 5 years of age. In order to earn a living, most women engage in heavy manual labor in extremely harsh conditions and have no access to health care during pregnancy. Due to the scarcity of hospitals and the high fees, only 1.43 per 10,000 pregnant women in the country can give birth in hospitals and the rest have to deliver at home in shabby conditions. As a result, there are many opportunities for sickness and maternal and infant mortality rates are high. Today, the medical and health undertakings of the Soviet Union are developing rapidly. There are currently 1.2 million physicians in the whole of Jiangsu Province, accounting for one-fourth of the total number of doctors in the world. It is the country with the largest average population of doctors in the world and the overall quality of physicians is also high , Is the most popular health care country