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目的:了解新疆地区皮肤恶性肿瘤的发病情况及特点。方法:收集新疆医科大学第一附属医院2009年~2013年收治的组织病理确诊的皮肤恶性肿瘤患者的临床资料。结果:共统计280例皮肤恶性肿瘤患者,其中男性156例占55.7%,汉族170例占60.7%,少数民族110例占39.3%。基底细胞癌123例(43.9%),鳞状细胞癌77例(27.5%),皮肤恶性黑素瘤9例(3.2%);肉瘤26例(9.3%)(其中横纹肌肉瘤1例、纤维肉瘤4例、血管肉瘤2),皮肤淋巴瘤2例(0.7%),恶性纤维组织细胞瘤3例(1.1%),覃样肉芽肿3例(1.1%),Bowen’s病6例(2.1%),皮肤附属器的恶性肿瘤(皮脂腺和毛发)5例(l.8%),难以确定类型的皮肤恶性肿瘤及血管和神经来源的恶性肿瘤26例(9.3%)。基底细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌、皮肤恶性黑素瘤三者之间在性别上无明显的统计学差异(P=0.43);三者的好发部位存在明显差异(P=0.000);且在汉族和少数民族之间无统计学差异(P=0.74)。结论:相对于国内外其他研究资料,新疆地区的皮肤恶性肿瘤发病情况具有一定的自身特点。
Objective: To understand the incidence of skin cancer in Xinjiang and its characteristics. Methods: The clinical data of patients with dermal malignancy diagnosed by histopathology from 2009 to 2013 in First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were collected. Results: A total of 280 cases of skin cancer were counted, of which 156 were male, 55.7% were Han, 170 were 60.7% and 110 were 39.3%. Basal cell carcinoma in 123 cases (43.9%), squamous cell carcinoma in 77 cases (27.5%) and skin malignant melanoma in 9 cases (3.2%); sarcoma in 26 cases (9.3%), including rhabdomyosarcoma in 1 and fibrosarcoma in 4 (2%), 2 cases of cutaneous lymphoma (0.7%), 3 cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (1.1%), 3 cases of Tan-like granuloma (1.1%), 6 cases of Bowen’s disease (2.1%), There were 5 malignant tumors (sebaceous glands and hair) appearing in 5 cases (l.8%), and it was difficult to determine the type of malignant tumors of the skin and the malignant tumors of blood vessels and nerves in 26 cases (9.3%). Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and skin malignant melanoma had no statistically significant difference in sex (P = 0.43); there were significant differences in the incidence of the three (P = 0.000) There was no significant difference between Han nationality and ethnic minorities (P = 0.74). Conclusion: Compared with other research data at home and abroad, the incidence of skin malignancies in Xinjiang has its own characteristics.