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法官遴选机制改革是法院改革的一个逻辑起点。《人民法院第四个五年改革纲要(2014-2018)》提出了改革的初步方案,但未规定细节。美国密苏里方案与现有方案具有相似性,且解决了美国20世纪40年代的法官任命行政化问题,运行效果好,可以作为我国改革的比较样本。考察密苏里方案的推广过程,从内部与外部两个场域分析密苏里方案为何是一种优势方案以及其内外互动中存在的问题,论证密苏里方案对我国法官遴选制度的可借鉴性,提出改革的方向。
Judge selection mechanism reform is a logical starting point for court reform. The People’s Court Fourth Five-Year Reform Program (2014-2018) proposed a preliminary plan for reform but did not provide details. The Missouri program in the United States has similarities with the existing programs and has solved the issue of the administrative appointment of judges in the 1940s in the United States. The operation effect is good and can be used as a comparative sample of our country’s reform. Examines the promotion process of the Missouri program, analyzes why the Missouri program is an advantageous program and its internal and external problems in both the internal and external fields, and demonstrates that the Missouri program can draw lessons from our country’s judge selection system and proposes the direction of reform .