论文部分内容阅读
一、单项填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1. A number of workers in Japan went on_______strike， demanding lower taxes and_______end to cutting staff members last week.
__________________________
A. a； the B. a； an
C. 不填； an D. 不填； the
2. Commonwealth was injured in a_______with another player in a football match and now is in hospital.
A. conversation B. collision
C. transportation D. separation
3. The Expo site should be_______from anywhere in the city of Shanghai within 90 minutes by bus， subways and special taxis.
A. adoptable B. acceptable
C. available D. accessible
4. Stone was a strict but good captain，_______who， usually， took care of the sailors aged from 19 to 22 on his ship.
A. the one B. one
C. that D. which
5. —He can’t have come back to his dormitory last night，_______he？
—No. His room is still in complete mess with clothes and books_______about.
A. did； lying B. did； laying
C. has； laid D. has； lying
6._________is predicted by some economists， China will be a_______and powerful country in 25 years’ time.
A. That； developing B. What； developed
C. As； developed D. It； developing
7. Don’t refer to the dictionary every time you come across a new word as sometimes its meaning may be_______clearly in a given context.
A. picked out B. ruled out
C. brought out D. taken out
8. —How much of the foreign expert’s speech have you understood？
—Next to nothing. I wish I_______harder at English.
A. worked B. had worked
C. would work D. were working
9._______abroad for a tour can be a great honor for an ordinary person like me.
A. Taken B. Being taken
C. Taking D. Having been taken
10. —How is everything going on with you in Canada？
—Quite well. Not so smoothly as I hoped， _______.
A. though B. instead
C. either D. too
11. To keep safe_______an earthquake， you should remain at a spot in your room where nothing may fall on you.
A. in search of B. in advance of
C. in terms of D. in case of
12. —Will it take me long to get to the Sunshine Hotel？
—No， it_______take you long. It’s not the rush hour now.
A. shouldn’t B. shan’t
C. mustn’t D. needn’t
13. A survey of the opinions of experts_______that three hours of outdoor exercise a week_______good for one’s health. A. show； are B. shows； is
C. show； is D. shows； are
14. The policeman told me that I had passed the driving test and never in my life_______so happy and excited.
A. I felt B. did I feel
C. I had felt D. had I felt
15. —You mean the position is still vacant？
—Yes， but you must know our job is very demanding.
—_______.
A. With pleasure B. I don’t mind
C. Don’t mention it D. That’s all right
二、完形填空（共20题；每小题1分，满分20分）
Mr. Smith belonged to a club that did community service work when he was young. There was a specific__16__that was unusual for him. Mr. Smith spent three or four hours handing out warm dinner to the__17__out in the streets. After that Mr. Smith went to a homeless shelter not far from the Bay Bridge.
Mr. Smith was in high school and at the time his sister was too young to__18 . She wanted to help，__19__she made many chocolate chip cookies for him to__20__and hand out to people. When getting to the shelter， Mr. Smith passed out the__21 . Mr. Smith began making sandwiches and__22__them with the crowd. Mr. Smith had the containers with his sister’s__23__in them and began to__24__around， offering them to anyone near him.
Mr. Smith approached an__25__gentleman and said， “Sir， would you like a cookie？” He stopped and turned around， looked at him and said， “What did you say？ Did you call me sir？” Mr. Smith told him Mr. Smith had， and his eyes__26__a little bit and said， “No one has__27__called me sir.’ So he was completely moved.
It__28__him.
Mr. Smith explained Mr. Smith had been raised that__29__color and social status， everyone deserved respect. It__30__him to think that just because he was homeless， no one__31__him the honor. It broke my heart. Mr. Smith just didn’t understand__32__no one ever called him sir. Mr. Smith had never thought that anyone was below him because Mr. Smith wasn’t raised that way. Every__33__person deserves to be treated with respect. Years later， Mr. Smith still carry that memory and the__34__it taught him. Sometimes， what they take for granted can__35__make a difference in someone’s life.
16. A. game B. case
C. event D. work
17. A. abroad B. homeless
C. country D. downtown
18. A. choose B. decide
C. go D. participate
19. A. but B. however
C. so D. yet
20. A. enjoy B. eat
C. collect D. take
21. A. papers B. meals
C. books D. gifts 22. A. shared B. provided
C. helped D. returned
23. A. dishes B. fruits
C. cookies D. sandwiches
24. A. walk B. turn
C. run D. show
25. A. well-dressed B. innocent
C. old D. modest
26. A. watered B. cried
C. opened D. closed
27. A. never B. ever
C. still D. yet
28. A. encouraged B. attracted
C. struck D. defeated
29. A. in spite of B. regardless of
C. in case of D. because of
30. A. persuaded B. saddened
C. frightened D. moved
31. A. handed B. offered
C. reminded D. promised
32. A. what B. how
C. whether D. why
33. A. single B. usual
C. ordinary D. normal
34. A. lesson B. class
C. truth D. reality
35. A. possibly B. nearly
C. really D. usually
三、阅读理解（共15题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
The US government has started a website， Admongo， to help children think critically about the advertising aimed at them. It claims to provide visitors with an “education” through games and other entertainment.
A cartoon man dressed in old time pilot clothing greets visitors to Admongo. “Call me Haiz”， he says upon arrival in a rocket ship that opens up with a crazy world inside it. Spacey dance music plays in the background as Haiz tells visitors that they need to learn about advertising.
Its inventors say eight to twelve years old is the age kids develop their critical thinking abilities. Kids that age are also a big market for advertisers.
The idea behind Admongo is to teach children three things： To identify the advertiser. To know what the advertiser is really saying. And to know what the advertisement is trying to get the child to do.
Children learn these things through a video game. They create their own game character. They can choose different skin colors， hair styles， eye and mouth shapes. Then they begin a trip through ad-land， where there are ads on buses and billboards. The players have to find all the marketing in the neighborhood before they can move on to the next level.
The Admongo game takes players inside a home， to the advertising studio and everywhere else ads can be found. It is a complete exploration of the world of marketing.
One such area is food marketing. The Federal Trade Commission （FTC） says it is a big business. The FTC estimates that food， drink and fast-food restaurants spent more than one and a half billion dollars on advertising to young people in 2009. The FTC says children are important for three reasons. They buy products. They influence parents and caregivers to buy. And they are the future adult buyers of the products.
A recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value. First Lady Michelle Obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children.
36. What is the best title of the text？
A. The guide of Admongo
B. An education website for children
C. A popular online video game
D. A website aimed at children
37. Why did the government start the website？
A. To attract the biggest market of buyers.
B. To sell the products of its company.
C. To help children know about advertising.
D. To advertise the video game for children.
38. What can players do in the website game？
A. Choose hair styles for their character.
B. Travel to a supermarket.
C. Eat in a fast-food restaurant.
D. Play video games during the trip.
39. According to Michelle Obama， lots of food advertised for children are_______ .
A. healthy B. of high nutrition
C. yummy D. of low quality
B
Findings from a new study were presented at a recent meeting of the American Psychosomatic （身心的） Society. Researchers in the United States studied 100，000 women during an eight-year period， beginning in 1994. All of the women were fifty or older. The study was part of the Women’s Health Initiative organized by the National Institutes of Health.
The women were asked questions measuring their beliefs or ideas about the future. The researchers attempted to identify each woman’s personality eight years after gathering the information.
The study found that hopeful individuals were 14% less likely than other women to have died from any cause. The hopeful women were also 30% less likely to have died from heart disease after the eight years.
Hilary Tindle from the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania was the lead author of the report. She said the study confirmed earlier research that linked optimistic feelings to longer life.
The researchers also gathered information about people’s education， financial earnings， physical activity and use of alcohol or cigarettes. Independent of those things， the findings still showed that optimists had less of a chance of dying during the eight-year period. Some women who answered the questions were found to be hostile （怀敌意的）， or highly untrusting of others. These women were 16% more likely to die than the others. They also were 23% more likely to die of cancer.
The study also found women who were not optimistic were more likely to smoke and have high blood pressure or diabetes. They were also more likely not to exercise.
Tindle says the study did not confirm whether optimism leads to healthier choices， or if it actually affects a person’s physical health. She also says the study does not prove that negative （消极的） emotions or distrust lead to bad health effects and shorter life. Yet there does appear to be a link that calls for more research.
40. In which part of a newspaper can you read the above passage？
A. Nation. B. Opinion.
C. Science. D. Business.
41. What can be inferred from the text？
A. Negative emotions cause a shorter life indeed.
B. There may be some link between personality and health.
C. It’s uncertain whether optimism affects one’s health.
D. The more optimistic you are， the longer life you may enjoy.
42. Who is more likely to die of cancer according to the text？
A. A woman who always doubts what others say.
B. A woman who doesn’t exercise.
C. A woman with high blood pressure.
D. A woman with poor physical health.
43. What’s Hilary Tindle’s opinion of the study？
A. Unfair. B. Useless.
C. Necessary. D. Reliable.
C
Farmers grow cocoa trees in the shady areas of rainforests near the Earth’s equator. These trees can be difficult to grow. They require an exact amount of water， warmth， soil and protection. After about five years， cocoa trees start producing large fruits called pods. The seeds inside these pods are harvested to make chocolate.
Today we travel around the world exploring the history of chocolate. Its story begins with a plant whose scientific name， Theobroma cocoa， means “food of the gods”. People have been enjoying the rich flavor of chocolate， a product made from this plant.
Most people know that chocolate is made from cocoa and that the origins of chocolate can be traced back to Central and South America. For centuries， the natives there regarded cocoa as a gift from the gods. But how did chocolate go from being the food of the gods to being the food of love？
Historians believe the Maya of Central America first learned to farm cocoa plants around two thousand years ago. The Maya took the cocoa trees from the rainforests and grew them in their gardens. They cooked the cocoa seeds， and then crushed them into a soft substance. They used the cocoa bean as the main part in a dark， bitter drink that we would call “chocolate.” They believed that chocolate had mystical properties—but cocoa also had commercial value. In fact， cocoa beans were used as a form of currency that was worth its weight in gold！ The explorer Christopher Columbus brought cocoa seeds to Spain after his trip to Central America in 1502. But the Spanish explorer Conquistador Hernando Cortez was the first European explorer to realize cocoa’s commercial possibilities. When he arrived in the New World in 1519， he soon established his own cocoa plantation. In 1529， Cortez returned to Spain and introduced chocolate—as a drink mixed with sugar， vanilla， and cinnamon—to European society.
The wealthy people of Spain first enjoyed a sweetened version of the chocolate drink. Later， the popularity of the drink spread throughout Europe. The English， Dutch and French began to plant cocoa trees in their own colonies. Chocolate remained a drink that only wealthy people could afford to drink until the eighteenth century. During the period known as the Industrial Revolution， new technologies helped make chocolate less costly to produce.
It caught on—especially with the noble people， who enjoyed hot chocolate as an aphrodisiac （a kind of medicine）. As its popularity spread， people found new ways to make and use chocolate. These days， chocolate is enjoyed as both a tasty treat and a romantic indulgence everywhere.
44. According to historians. cocoa trees were first planted in_______ .
A. South America B. Central America
C. Spain D. Africa
45. What does the underlined word “substance” here mean？
A. An illegal drug. B. An important idea.
C. A liquid material. D. A solid material.
46. The passage implies that_______ .
A. Christopher Columbus brought cocoa seeds to Central America
B. the wealthy people of Spain first enjoyed a chocolate drink
C. many people over the world enjoy a good taste of chocolate
D. cocoa trees need an exact amount of water， warmth， soil and protection
47. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage？
A. History of chocolate， as rich as its taste
B. Chocolate， food of the gods
C. Value of chocolate， as costly as gold
D. Chocolate， food of love
D
Sara tried to befriend her old friend Steve’s new wife， but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didn’t hold up her end of the conversation， Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing.
Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar， there’s no problem. But if our habits are different， you may start to talk before I’m finished or fail to take your turn when I’m finished. That’s what was happening with Betty and Sara. It may not be coincidental that Betty， who expected relatively longer pauses between turns， is British， and Sara， who expected relatively shorter pauses， is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel.
The general phenomenon， then， is that the small conversation techniques， like pacing and pausing， lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping （思维定式）. And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example， a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings， she kept searching for the right time to break in—and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident， in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year， she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up.
That’s why slight differences in conversational style—tiny little things like microseconds of pause—can have a great effect on one’s life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems—even in the mind of the woman herself， who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.
48. According to the passage， who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns？
A. Americans. B. Israelis.
C. The British. D. The Finns.
49. We can learn from the passage that_______ .
A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacing
B. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the US
C. one’s inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimes
D. one should receive training to build up one’s confidence
50. The underlined word “assertiveness” in the last paragraph probably means_______ .
A. being willing to speak one’s mind
B. being able to increase one’s power
C. being ready to make one’s own judgment
D. being quick to express one’s ideas confidently
四、任务型阅读（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Some people succeed， while others may not. This is because some people possess certain qualities， which others do not. The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed， you must be optimistic. If you do not expect to win， you will not try as hard as those who do expect to win. You also need to have a clear aim and a reason for doing something because motivation is a key to achieving success. If you do not have an aim， then you will not be motivated to work hard and put your performance under the microscope to make sure that every detail is right.
Another quality that helps people succeed is creativity—thinking about things in a different way and wondering how others would do the same thing. Think about some successful people you know. They might be successful with a little creativity， but the most successful people are the most creative ones.
Reading is another to success， as it will help you learn about how other people have achieved success. If you want to learn how to set up a successful business， you should read books about people like Bill Gates and Jerry Yang， who have achieved amazing success in their areas of business.
Practising is equally important if you want to succeed because practice makes perfect. Practise every day at whatever career you are in， and by doing so， you will see yourself， your business and your self-confidence begin to grow. If you feel confident about what you do， this confidence will make other people believe in you as well. Your colleagues will be happy to work with you， and your boss will give you more responsibility. Finally if you are a successful person， you will be able to look people in the eye and smile confidently.
Success is yours for the taking！ Cheers！
五、书面表达（25分）
上周末上午，我的朋友小马参加了一个关于如何成功面试的讲座。他记下了教授所提及的所有要点并对面试有了深入地了解。
首先，做好准备是获取工作的关键，因为它会有助于使我们感觉自信。在面试之前，我们大家应该查找出尽可能多的关于公司的信息，并且考虑他们会问我们什么和如何更好地回答。面试的时候，第一印象非常重要。保持头发干净整洁，穿着漂亮帅气的衣服非常重要。进行眼神的接触是与别人建立关系的最快的方式之一。另外，我们还要正确使用身体语言来表达自己。面试后给公司发邮件不仅是礼貌的姿态，而且是把我们自己推销给公司的最后的机会。
要求：1．不要逐字翻译；2．词数：150左右；3．文中不可以出现真实姓名与地址；4.开头已给出，不计入总词数。
My friend Xiao Ma went to a talk on how to land an interview successfully last weekend.
参考答案
一、1—5 CBDBA 6—10 CCBBA 11—15 DABDB
二、16—20 CBDCD 21—25 BACAC26—30 ABCBB 31—35 BDAAC
三、36—40 BCADC 41—45 DACBD46—50 CABCA
四、51. Success 52. Optimism 53. like
54. motivation 55. Think 56. same
57. others 58. famous 59. Understand / Master / Remember 60. confidently
五、One possible version：
My friend Xiao Ma went to a talk on how to land an interview successfully last weekend. He took down all the main points that the professor had mentioned. Now he has a better understanding about job interviews.
Preparation is the key to getting the job we want， because it’ll help us feel confident. Before the interview， we should find out as much as possible about the company and think about what they are going to ask us and how to better answer them. During the interview， first impressions are important. So it is very important that we wear smart clothes and keep our hair neat and tidy. Making eye contact is one of the quickest ways of establishing a bond with another person. In addition， we should also use proper body language to express ourselves. After the interview， writing to the company to follow it up is not only a gesture of politeness， but also a final chance to sell ourselves to the company.
（作者：康传桂，海安县李堡中学）
1. A number of workers in Japan went on_______strike， demanding lower taxes and_______end to cutting staff members last week.
__________________________
A. a； the B. a； an
C. 不填； an D. 不填； the
2. Commonwealth was injured in a_______with another player in a football match and now is in hospital.
A. conversation B. collision
C. transportation D. separation
3. The Expo site should be_______from anywhere in the city of Shanghai within 90 minutes by bus， subways and special taxis.
A. adoptable B. acceptable
C. available D. accessible
4. Stone was a strict but good captain，_______who， usually， took care of the sailors aged from 19 to 22 on his ship.
A. the one B. one
C. that D. which
5. —He can’t have come back to his dormitory last night，_______he？
—No. His room is still in complete mess with clothes and books_______about.
A. did； lying B. did； laying
C. has； laid D. has； lying
6._________is predicted by some economists， China will be a_______and powerful country in 25 years’ time.
A. That； developing B. What； developed
C. As； developed D. It； developing
7. Don’t refer to the dictionary every time you come across a new word as sometimes its meaning may be_______clearly in a given context.
A. picked out B. ruled out
C. brought out D. taken out
8. —How much of the foreign expert’s speech have you understood？
—Next to nothing. I wish I_______harder at English.
A. worked B. had worked
C. would work D. were working
9._______abroad for a tour can be a great honor for an ordinary person like me.
A. Taken B. Being taken
C. Taking D. Having been taken
10. —How is everything going on with you in Canada？
—Quite well. Not so smoothly as I hoped， _______.
A. though B. instead
C. either D. too
11. To keep safe_______an earthquake， you should remain at a spot in your room where nothing may fall on you.
A. in search of B. in advance of
C. in terms of D. in case of
12. —Will it take me long to get to the Sunshine Hotel？
—No， it_______take you long. It’s not the rush hour now.
A. shouldn’t B. shan’t
C. mustn’t D. needn’t
13. A survey of the opinions of experts_______that three hours of outdoor exercise a week_______good for one’s health. A. show； are B. shows； is
C. show； is D. shows； are
14. The policeman told me that I had passed the driving test and never in my life_______so happy and excited.
A. I felt B. did I feel
C. I had felt D. had I felt
15. —You mean the position is still vacant？
—Yes， but you must know our job is very demanding.
—_______.
A. With pleasure B. I don’t mind
C. Don’t mention it D. That’s all right
二、完形填空（共20题；每小题1分，满分20分）
Mr. Smith belonged to a club that did community service work when he was young. There was a specific__16__that was unusual for him. Mr. Smith spent three or four hours handing out warm dinner to the__17__out in the streets. After that Mr. Smith went to a homeless shelter not far from the Bay Bridge.
Mr. Smith was in high school and at the time his sister was too young to__18 . She wanted to help，__19__she made many chocolate chip cookies for him to__20__and hand out to people. When getting to the shelter， Mr. Smith passed out the__21 . Mr. Smith began making sandwiches and__22__them with the crowd. Mr. Smith had the containers with his sister’s__23__in them and began to__24__around， offering them to anyone near him.
Mr. Smith approached an__25__gentleman and said， “Sir， would you like a cookie？” He stopped and turned around， looked at him and said， “What did you say？ Did you call me sir？” Mr. Smith told him Mr. Smith had， and his eyes__26__a little bit and said， “No one has__27__called me sir.’ So he was completely moved.
It__28__him.
Mr. Smith explained Mr. Smith had been raised that__29__color and social status， everyone deserved respect. It__30__him to think that just because he was homeless， no one__31__him the honor. It broke my heart. Mr. Smith just didn’t understand__32__no one ever called him sir. Mr. Smith had never thought that anyone was below him because Mr. Smith wasn’t raised that way. Every__33__person deserves to be treated with respect. Years later， Mr. Smith still carry that memory and the__34__it taught him. Sometimes， what they take for granted can__35__make a difference in someone’s life.
16. A. game B. case
C. event D. work
17. A. abroad B. homeless
C. country D. downtown
18. A. choose B. decide
C. go D. participate
19. A. but B. however
C. so D. yet
20. A. enjoy B. eat
C. collect D. take
21. A. papers B. meals
C. books D. gifts 22. A. shared B. provided
C. helped D. returned
23. A. dishes B. fruits
C. cookies D. sandwiches
24. A. walk B. turn
C. run D. show
25. A. well-dressed B. innocent
C. old D. modest
26. A. watered B. cried
C. opened D. closed
27. A. never B. ever
C. still D. yet
28. A. encouraged B. attracted
C. struck D. defeated
29. A. in spite of B. regardless of
C. in case of D. because of
30. A. persuaded B. saddened
C. frightened D. moved
31. A. handed B. offered
C. reminded D. promised
32. A. what B. how
C. whether D. why
33. A. single B. usual
C. ordinary D. normal
34. A. lesson B. class
C. truth D. reality
35. A. possibly B. nearly
C. really D. usually
三、阅读理解（共15题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
The US government has started a website， Admongo， to help children think critically about the advertising aimed at them. It claims to provide visitors with an “education” through games and other entertainment.
A cartoon man dressed in old time pilot clothing greets visitors to Admongo. “Call me Haiz”， he says upon arrival in a rocket ship that opens up with a crazy world inside it. Spacey dance music plays in the background as Haiz tells visitors that they need to learn about advertising.
Its inventors say eight to twelve years old is the age kids develop their critical thinking abilities. Kids that age are also a big market for advertisers.
The idea behind Admongo is to teach children three things： To identify the advertiser. To know what the advertiser is really saying. And to know what the advertisement is trying to get the child to do.
Children learn these things through a video game. They create their own game character. They can choose different skin colors， hair styles， eye and mouth shapes. Then they begin a trip through ad-land， where there are ads on buses and billboards. The players have to find all the marketing in the neighborhood before they can move on to the next level.
The Admongo game takes players inside a home， to the advertising studio and everywhere else ads can be found. It is a complete exploration of the world of marketing.
One such area is food marketing. The Federal Trade Commission （FTC） says it is a big business. The FTC estimates that food， drink and fast-food restaurants spent more than one and a half billion dollars on advertising to young people in 2009. The FTC says children are important for three reasons. They buy products. They influence parents and caregivers to buy. And they are the future adult buyers of the products.
A recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value. First Lady Michelle Obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children.
36. What is the best title of the text？
A. The guide of Admongo
B. An education website for children
C. A popular online video game
D. A website aimed at children
37. Why did the government start the website？
A. To attract the biggest market of buyers.
B. To sell the products of its company.
C. To help children know about advertising.
D. To advertise the video game for children.
38. What can players do in the website game？
A. Choose hair styles for their character.
B. Travel to a supermarket.
C. Eat in a fast-food restaurant.
D. Play video games during the trip.
39. According to Michelle Obama， lots of food advertised for children are_______ .
A. healthy B. of high nutrition
C. yummy D. of low quality
B
Findings from a new study were presented at a recent meeting of the American Psychosomatic （身心的） Society. Researchers in the United States studied 100，000 women during an eight-year period， beginning in 1994. All of the women were fifty or older. The study was part of the Women’s Health Initiative organized by the National Institutes of Health.
The women were asked questions measuring their beliefs or ideas about the future. The researchers attempted to identify each woman’s personality eight years after gathering the information.
The study found that hopeful individuals were 14% less likely than other women to have died from any cause. The hopeful women were also 30% less likely to have died from heart disease after the eight years.
Hilary Tindle from the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania was the lead author of the report. She said the study confirmed earlier research that linked optimistic feelings to longer life.
The researchers also gathered information about people’s education， financial earnings， physical activity and use of alcohol or cigarettes. Independent of those things， the findings still showed that optimists had less of a chance of dying during the eight-year period. Some women who answered the questions were found to be hostile （怀敌意的）， or highly untrusting of others. These women were 16% more likely to die than the others. They also were 23% more likely to die of cancer.
The study also found women who were not optimistic were more likely to smoke and have high blood pressure or diabetes. They were also more likely not to exercise.
Tindle says the study did not confirm whether optimism leads to healthier choices， or if it actually affects a person’s physical health. She also says the study does not prove that negative （消极的） emotions or distrust lead to bad health effects and shorter life. Yet there does appear to be a link that calls for more research.
40. In which part of a newspaper can you read the above passage？
A. Nation. B. Opinion.
C. Science. D. Business.
41. What can be inferred from the text？
A. Negative emotions cause a shorter life indeed.
B. There may be some link between personality and health.
C. It’s uncertain whether optimism affects one’s health.
D. The more optimistic you are， the longer life you may enjoy.
42. Who is more likely to die of cancer according to the text？
A. A woman who always doubts what others say.
B. A woman who doesn’t exercise.
C. A woman with high blood pressure.
D. A woman with poor physical health.
43. What’s Hilary Tindle’s opinion of the study？
A. Unfair. B. Useless.
C. Necessary. D. Reliable.
C
Farmers grow cocoa trees in the shady areas of rainforests near the Earth’s equator. These trees can be difficult to grow. They require an exact amount of water， warmth， soil and protection. After about five years， cocoa trees start producing large fruits called pods. The seeds inside these pods are harvested to make chocolate.
Today we travel around the world exploring the history of chocolate. Its story begins with a plant whose scientific name， Theobroma cocoa， means “food of the gods”. People have been enjoying the rich flavor of chocolate， a product made from this plant.
Most people know that chocolate is made from cocoa and that the origins of chocolate can be traced back to Central and South America. For centuries， the natives there regarded cocoa as a gift from the gods. But how did chocolate go from being the food of the gods to being the food of love？
Historians believe the Maya of Central America first learned to farm cocoa plants around two thousand years ago. The Maya took the cocoa trees from the rainforests and grew them in their gardens. They cooked the cocoa seeds， and then crushed them into a soft substance. They used the cocoa bean as the main part in a dark， bitter drink that we would call “chocolate.” They believed that chocolate had mystical properties—but cocoa also had commercial value. In fact， cocoa beans were used as a form of currency that was worth its weight in gold！ The explorer Christopher Columbus brought cocoa seeds to Spain after his trip to Central America in 1502. But the Spanish explorer Conquistador Hernando Cortez was the first European explorer to realize cocoa’s commercial possibilities. When he arrived in the New World in 1519， he soon established his own cocoa plantation. In 1529， Cortez returned to Spain and introduced chocolate—as a drink mixed with sugar， vanilla， and cinnamon—to European society.
The wealthy people of Spain first enjoyed a sweetened version of the chocolate drink. Later， the popularity of the drink spread throughout Europe. The English， Dutch and French began to plant cocoa trees in their own colonies. Chocolate remained a drink that only wealthy people could afford to drink until the eighteenth century. During the period known as the Industrial Revolution， new technologies helped make chocolate less costly to produce.
It caught on—especially with the noble people， who enjoyed hot chocolate as an aphrodisiac （a kind of medicine）. As its popularity spread， people found new ways to make and use chocolate. These days， chocolate is enjoyed as both a tasty treat and a romantic indulgence everywhere.
44. According to historians. cocoa trees were first planted in_______ .
A. South America B. Central America
C. Spain D. Africa
45. What does the underlined word “substance” here mean？
A. An illegal drug. B. An important idea.
C. A liquid material. D. A solid material.
46. The passage implies that_______ .
A. Christopher Columbus brought cocoa seeds to Central America
B. the wealthy people of Spain first enjoyed a chocolate drink
C. many people over the world enjoy a good taste of chocolate
D. cocoa trees need an exact amount of water， warmth， soil and protection
47. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage？
A. History of chocolate， as rich as its taste
B. Chocolate， food of the gods
C. Value of chocolate， as costly as gold
D. Chocolate， food of love
D
Sara tried to befriend her old friend Steve’s new wife， but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didn’t hold up her end of the conversation， Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing.
Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar， there’s no problem. But if our habits are different， you may start to talk before I’m finished or fail to take your turn when I’m finished. That’s what was happening with Betty and Sara. It may not be coincidental that Betty， who expected relatively longer pauses between turns， is British， and Sara， who expected relatively shorter pauses， is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel.
The general phenomenon， then， is that the small conversation techniques， like pacing and pausing， lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping （思维定式）. And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example， a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings， she kept searching for the right time to break in—and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident， in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year， she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up.
That’s why slight differences in conversational style—tiny little things like microseconds of pause—can have a great effect on one’s life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems—even in the mind of the woman herself， who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.
48. According to the passage， who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns？
A. Americans. B. Israelis.
C. The British. D. The Finns.
49. We can learn from the passage that_______ .
A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacing
B. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the US
C. one’s inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimes
D. one should receive training to build up one’s confidence
50. The underlined word “assertiveness” in the last paragraph probably means_______ .
A. being willing to speak one’s mind
B. being able to increase one’s power
C. being ready to make one’s own judgment
D. being quick to express one’s ideas confidently
四、任务型阅读（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Some people succeed， while others may not. This is because some people possess certain qualities， which others do not. The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed， you must be optimistic. If you do not expect to win， you will not try as hard as those who do expect to win. You also need to have a clear aim and a reason for doing something because motivation is a key to achieving success. If you do not have an aim， then you will not be motivated to work hard and put your performance under the microscope to make sure that every detail is right.
Another quality that helps people succeed is creativity—thinking about things in a different way and wondering how others would do the same thing. Think about some successful people you know. They might be successful with a little creativity， but the most successful people are the most creative ones.
Reading is another to success， as it will help you learn about how other people have achieved success. If you want to learn how to set up a successful business， you should read books about people like Bill Gates and Jerry Yang， who have achieved amazing success in their areas of business.
Practising is equally important if you want to succeed because practice makes perfect. Practise every day at whatever career you are in， and by doing so， you will see yourself， your business and your self-confidence begin to grow. If you feel confident about what you do， this confidence will make other people believe in you as well. Your colleagues will be happy to work with you， and your boss will give you more responsibility. Finally if you are a successful person， you will be able to look people in the eye and smile confidently.
Success is yours for the taking！ Cheers！
五、书面表达（25分）
上周末上午，我的朋友小马参加了一个关于如何成功面试的讲座。他记下了教授所提及的所有要点并对面试有了深入地了解。
首先，做好准备是获取工作的关键，因为它会有助于使我们感觉自信。在面试之前，我们大家应该查找出尽可能多的关于公司的信息，并且考虑他们会问我们什么和如何更好地回答。面试的时候，第一印象非常重要。保持头发干净整洁，穿着漂亮帅气的衣服非常重要。进行眼神的接触是与别人建立关系的最快的方式之一。另外，我们还要正确使用身体语言来表达自己。面试后给公司发邮件不仅是礼貌的姿态，而且是把我们自己推销给公司的最后的机会。
要求：1．不要逐字翻译；2．词数：150左右；3．文中不可以出现真实姓名与地址；4.开头已给出，不计入总词数。
My friend Xiao Ma went to a talk on how to land an interview successfully last weekend.
参考答案
一、1—5 CBDBA 6—10 CCBBA 11—15 DABDB
二、16—20 CBDCD 21—25 BACAC26—30 ABCBB 31—35 BDAAC
三、36—40 BCADC 41—45 DACBD46—50 CABCA
四、51. Success 52. Optimism 53. like
54. motivation 55. Think 56. same
57. others 58. famous 59. Understand / Master / Remember 60. confidently
五、One possible version：
My friend Xiao Ma went to a talk on how to land an interview successfully last weekend. He took down all the main points that the professor had mentioned. Now he has a better understanding about job interviews.
Preparation is the key to getting the job we want， because it’ll help us feel confident. Before the interview， we should find out as much as possible about the company and think about what they are going to ask us and how to better answer them. During the interview， first impressions are important. So it is very important that we wear smart clothes and keep our hair neat and tidy. Making eye contact is one of the quickest ways of establishing a bond with another person. In addition， we should also use proper body language to express ourselves. After the interview， writing to the company to follow it up is not only a gesture of politeness， but also a final chance to sell ourselves to the company.
（作者：康传桂，海安县李堡中学）