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目的测量不同海拔高度在静息状态和运动状态下的生理指标,评价高原对工人生理指标的影响。方法在3个海拔高度测量5个青年男性工人在静息和运动状态及运动恢复过程中的肺通气量、心率、血氧饱和度(SaO_2)等生理指标,用配伍设计的方差分析法分析海拔对各生理指标的影响及运动后恢复情况。结果静息状态,随着海拔的升高,单位体表面积肺通气量和单项动作能量代谢率逐渐下降,但差异没有统计学意义;不同海拔环境的心率和SaO_2差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),平原低于高原。运动状态,肺通气量、单位体表面积肺通气量、单项动作能量代谢率和SaO_2在不同海拔之间差异有显著性。不同海拔的SaO_2恢复差异有统计学意义(P<0.05):500 m平原,在第3分钟仍下降,至第5分钟恢复;3500 m高原,第3分钟即大幅升高,持续至第5分钟;4 200 m在第3分钟继续下降,至第5分钟恢复并升高,但幅度小于3500 m。HR的变化不受海拔高度变化的影响,在不同海拔高度均表现为运动后快速上升,随后恢复,至3分钟时基本恢复至正常。结论高原对工人的生理指标有明显影响,且静息状态和运动状态是不一致的。运动后,心率恢复较快,基本不受海拔高度影响;SaO_2先下降再恢复并超过运动前,但海拔不同恢复过程不同。
Objective To measure the physiological indexes of resting and moving at different altitudes and evaluate the effect of plateau on the physiological indexes of workers. Methods Physiological indexes such as pulmonary ventilation, heart rate and blood oxygen saturation (SaO_2) of 5 young male workers during rest and exercise and during exercise recovery were measured at three altitudes. The variance The impact of various physiological indicators and post-exercise recovery. Results At rest, with the elevation of elevation, the lung ventilation per unit body surface area and energy expenditure rate of single action gradually decreased, but the difference was not statistically significant. There was significant difference in heart rate and SaO_2 between different altitude (P <0.05 ), Plains below the plateau. Exercise status, pulmonary ventilation, lung ventilation per unit body surface area, single action energy metabolic rate and SaO_2 were significantly different between different altitudes. The difference of SaO_2 recovery at different altitudes was statistically significant (P <0.05): 500 m plain, still dropping at the third minute and recovering at the fifth minute; and at 3500 m altitude, the third minute rose sharply until the fifth minute ; 4 200 m continued to decline at the third minute and recovered and increased to the fifth minute at an amplitude of less than 3500 m. HR changes from the impact of altitude changes, at different altitudes showed rapid rise after exercise, followed by recovery, to 3 minutes when the basic return to normal. Conclusion The plateau has a significant impact on the physiological indicators of workers, and the resting state and the exercise state are inconsistent. After exercise, the heart rate recovered quickly, basically not affected by the altitude; SaO_2 decreased first and then recovered and exceeded before exercise, but different elevation recovery process was different.