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江苏省无锡市发生的一起档案行政诉讼案,是自有《中华人民共和国档案法》以来,全国范围内极少发生的几起进人诉讼程序的案例之一（详细案情见《上海档案》2002年第2期《透视一起档案行政诉讼案》一文）。此案经过一审、二审、重审,最后因原告撤诉而结案,此间曲折可见一斑。本文作者将就此案所涉及的法律问题及法院的判决进行分析,谈谈自己的拙见。 一、本案的行政诉讼主体如何确定P 《行政诉讼法》第25条规定:公民、法人或者其他组织直接向人民法院提起诉讼的,作出具体行政行为的行政机关是被告。两个以上行政机关作出同一具体行政行为的,共同作出具体行政行为的行政机关是共同被告。由行政机关委托的组织所作的具体行政行为,委托的行政机关是被告。 行政诉讼与民事诉讼相比,有两个明显不同的特点:（一）是发生于不平等的诉讼主体之间;（二）是讼争的财产权益是具体行政行为而不是民事行为所引发的。 具体行政行为是指国家行政机关依法对特定的公民、法人和其他组织就特定事项做出的能产生行政法律后果的单方面职权行为。
A case of administrative litigation in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, is one of the few cases that have taken place in the country since the publication of the “Archives Law of the People’s Republic of China” (for details see the case of Shanghai Archives 2002 Year No. 2 “Perspective together with the file administrative litigation case” article). The case after the first instance, the second instance, retrial, the final closure of the case due to the plaintiff withdrawal, the twists and turns can be seen here. The author will analyze the legal issues involved in the case and the judgments of the court to talk about his own humble opinion. I. How to Determine the Subject of Administrative Litigation in the Case P Article 25 of the Administrative Procedure Law stipulates that if the citizen, legal person or any other organization directly institutes legal proceedings in the people’s court, the administrative organ that makes the specific administrative act is the defendant. Where two or more administrative organs make the same specific administrative act, the administrative organ that jointly makes the specific administrative act is the common defendant. The specific administrative act commissioned by the administrative organ, the commissioned administrative organ is the defendant. Compared with civil litigation, administrative litigation has two distinct characteristics: (1) It occurs between the subjects of inequality; (2) It is the property rights and interests of the litigation that are caused by the specific administrative act rather than the civil act . The specific administrative act refers to the unilateral acts of authority that the state administrative organ may have on the specific issues resulting from the administrative and legal consequences to certain citizens, legal persons and other organizations according to law.