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目的研究板齿鼠的食物组成,分析食物结构的季节和年际间发生规律,为制定科学的防治对策及可持续治理技术方案奠定理论基础。方法采用野外观察法和胃内容物分析法。结果板齿鼠胃内纤维类食物占(68.68±5.17)%,淀粉类和动物性食物分别占(23.06±4.32)%和(8.26±1.43)%;不同年龄、不同性别、不同季节和年际间鼠胃内容物的成分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);雌鼠淀粉类和动物性食物的检出率显著高于雄鼠,幼鼠淀粉类和纤维类食物的检出率高于亚成体鼠和成体鼠,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而成年鼠动物性食物的比例明显高于亚成体和幼体,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);夏秋季淀粉类和动物性食物的检出率显著高于其他季节,而纤维类食物的检出率冬春季明显多于夏秋季。结论自然状态下板齿鼠主要取食纤维类食物,也取食淀粉类和动物性食物,食物构成的差异性与种群繁殖状况、作物生育期和栖息地的植被类型有密切关系。
Objective To study the food composition of the plateau rat and to analyze the seasonal and inter-annual occurrences of the food structure and to lay a theoretical foundation for the formulation of scientific prevention and control measures and the sustainable management technological scheme. Methods Field observation and stomach contents analysis. Results The dietary fiber in platelet rat stomach accounted for (68.68 ± 5.17)%, starchy and animal food accounted for (23.06 ± 4.32)% and (8.26 ± 1.43)% respectively. The results of different age, gender, season and year (P <0.01). The detection rate of starchy and animal food in females was significantly higher than that in male rats, and the detection rate of starchy and fiber foods was higher in juvenile than in adulthood (P <0.05). However, the proportion of animal food in adult rats was significantly higher than that in adult and adult mice (P <0.01). In summer and autumn, starch and animal The detection rate of sexual food was significantly higher than other seasons, while the detection rate of fiber foods in spring and winter was significantly more than in summer and autumn. CONCLUSION: In the natural state, plateau rats mainly feed fiber foods and also eat starchy and animal foods. The differences of food composition are closely related to the status of population reproduction, crop growth period and habitat vegetation types.