冠醚类大环化合物是近年来国内外非常重视并作了大量研究的一类新型化合物。自从1967年美国杜邦公司的佩德森(Pederson)合成了第一批冠醚以来,短短几年内就合成了几百种大环化合物(主要是大环多醚,还有大环多胺和多硫醚等)。目前,新冠醚类化合物的合成正在不断被报道。对这类化合物的结构、和金属离子的络合性能、热力学和动力学性质、催化性质等方面都进行了广泛的研究。人们之所以对冠醚类大环化合物有如此大的兴趣,原因主要在于:(1)作为模型化合物研究重要的生物化学过程,如生物膜、酶作用机理、生物体内的金属离子和其他物质的输运过程等,在理论和实践上都有重大意义;(2)为络合物化学开辟了新的领域,提出了主客体络合化学的概念;(3)作为新型的萃取剂,分离分析试剂、相间催化剂,在 Crown ether macrocycles are a new class of compounds that have been paid much attention at home and abroad in recent years. Hundreds of macrocyclic compounds (mainly macrocyclic polyethers, as well as macrocyclic polyamines and macrocyclic polyamines) have been synthesized in just a few years since the first batch of crown ethers were synthesized by DuPont’s Pederson in 1967 Polysulfide, etc.). At present, the synthesis of new crown ethers is continuously reported. The structure of these compounds, and the metal ion complex properties, thermodynamic and kinetic properties, catalytic properties have been extensively studied. The reason why people are so interested in crown ether macrocycles mainly lies in: (1) Studying important biochemical processes as model compounds, such as biofilm, mechanism of enzyme action, metal ions and other substances in living body Transport process, both in theory and practice are of great significance; (2) opened up new areas for complex chemistry, put forward the concept of host-guest complex chemistry; (3) as a new extractant, separation and analysis Reagents, interphase catalysts, at