三叉神经痛(trigeminal neuralgia,TN)是局限于三叉神经1支或多支分布区域的反复发作的短暂剧烈疼痛,临床发病率高,严重影响患者生活质量,难以完全治愈。本研究旨在探讨川芎嗪(tetramethylpyrazine,TMP)对慢性压迫性损伤眶下神经(chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve,ION-CCI)致大鼠TN的影响。Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为4组:假手术组(sham)、假手术+川芎嗪组(sham+TMP)、模型组(TN)、模型+川芎嗪组(TN+TMP)。通过ION-CCI建立大鼠TN模型,术后2周每天一次腹腔注射川芎嗪(50 mg/kg)。应用电子测痛仪观察各组大鼠机械痛敏阈值的变化。同时采用RT-PCR、蛋白印迹、免疫组织化学染色等方法检测大鼠术侧三叉神经节(trigeminal ganglia,TGs)中降钙素基因相关肽(calcitonin gene-related peptide,CGRP)的表达变化。术后15天内,TN组大鼠手术侧眶下神经面部感觉区域的机械痛敏阈值和sham组相比明显降低,术后第9天到第15天,TN+TMP组和TN组相比较阈值出现明显升高(P<0.05)。术后第15天,RT-PCR、蛋白印迹、免疫组织化学染色结果表明,与sham组相比,TN组大鼠TGs中CGRP表达明显升高(P<0.05);与TN组相比,TN+TMP组大鼠TGs中CGRP表达显著降低(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,TGs中的CGRP对TN的痛觉传递有着重要作用,TMP对TN有一定的抑制作用,其机制可能和抑制TGs中CGRP表达有关。 Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a short-term recurring severe acute pain confined to one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. The clinical incidence is high, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients and is difficult to be completely cured. This study aimed to investigate the effect of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on TN in rats induced by chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (ION-CCI). Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham group, sham + TMP group, model group and TN + TMP group. Rat TN model was established by ION-CCI. Ligustrazine (50 mg / kg) was injected intraperitoneally once a day for 2 weeks. The changes of mechanical hyperalgesia threshold in each group were observed with electronic angiograph. At the same time, the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the trigeminal ganglia (TGs) was detected by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. Within 15 days after operation, the threshold of mechanical hyperalgesia in the sensory area of ​​the infraorbital nerve in the operation side of TN group was significantly lower than that in sham group. From the 9th day to the 15th day, the thresholds of TN + TMP group and TN group Appeared significantly higher (P <0.05). The results of RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of CGRP in TGs was significantly increased in TN group compared with that in sham group (P <0.05). Compared with TN group, TN + TMP group TGs CGRP expression was significantly lower (P <0.05). The above results indicate that CGRP in TGs plays an important role in the analgesia of TN. TMP can inhibit the proliferation of TN, which may be related to the inhibition of CGRP expression in TGs.