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目的 研究糖尿病教育在糖尿病控制中的作用。方法 用随机单盲对照法 ,将 147例糖尿病患者分为强化教育组 (A) ,一般教育组 (B) ,A组在一般的糖尿病教育后 ,针对每一例患者进行个体强化教育。 B组则仅进行一般的糖尿病教育。每例患者均于教育前、教育后 3个月末、教育后 6个月末调查糖尿病知识积分 (DKN) ,精神症状自评积分 (SCL-90 ) ,每日摄取热量、每周主动运动治疗次数及每周血 (尿 )糖监测次数 ,并检测糖化血红蛋白 (Hb A1c) ,血脂 (TC、TG) ,了解患者对糖尿病的认识、自控水平、心理精神障碍及糖、脂代谢改善情况 ,进行组内教育前后及同期组间比较。结果 A组在教育后 3个月末和 6个月末 ,自控能力明显提高 ,DKN、Hb A1c、TC、TG等指标改善明显优于 B组 (P<0 .0 1或 P<0 .0 5 )。在 SCL- 90的 9组症状群中 ,A组在教育后均有明显改善 ,且优于同期 B组 (P<0 .0 1或 P<0 .0 5 )。结论 糖尿病知识强化教育 ,能更有效提高患者自控水平 ,增强对糖尿病的认识 ,改善糖、脂代谢水平。同时能有效改善精神和心理障碍 ,提高患者生命质量。
Objective To study the role of diabetes education in the control of diabetes. Methods 147 patients with diabetes were divided into intensive education group (A) and general education group (B) by random single-blind comparison method. Group A received individual intensive education for each patient after general diabetes education. Group B received only general diabetes education. Each patient was investigated before the end of education, 3 months after education, 6 months after the end of education to investigate knowledge points (DKN), mental symptom score (SCL-90), daily calorie intake, weekly active exercise therapy times and Weekly blood (urine) sugar monitoring, and detection of Hb A1c, lipids (TC, TG), to understand the patient’s understanding of diabetes, the level of self-control, mental and mental disorders and improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism within the group Comparison between before and after education and the same period. Results The self-control ability of Group A at the end of 3 months and the end of 6 months was significantly higher than that of Group B (P <0.01 or P <0.05) . Among the 9 symptom groups of SCL-90, group A improved significantly after education and was better than group B in the same period (P <0.01 or P <0.05). Conclusions Intensive education of diabetes mellitus can effectively improve patients’ self-control level, enhance their understanding of diabetes and improve the level of glucose and lipid metabolism. At the same time can effectively improve mental and psychological disorders, improve patient quality of life.