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生命周期评价(LCA)是国际上通行的生态环境影响评价方法,适用于全球性环境影响评价,应用LCA进行道路环境影响评价对于推动中国道路建设的生态化发展有着重要意义。该文主要介绍了生命周期评价的组成与内涵,分析了清单分析中数据收集的3种主要方法及优劣,通过对国外道路和路面LCA研究的回顾,指出路面LCA在原材料、施工、运营、养护等阶段,以及数据获取和影响分析中的研究重点及难点,提出了中国道路路面LCA研究开展的建议。
The life cycle assessment (LCA) is an internationally accepted assessment method of ecological environment impact and is applicable to global environmental impact assessment. The application of LCA in the assessment of road environmental impact is of great significance for promoting the ecological development of road construction in China. This paper mainly introduces the composition and connotation of life cycle assessment, analyzes the three main methods of data collection in inventory analysis and its advantages and disadvantages. Based on the review of the LCA study on the road and pavement abroad, it points out that the LCA of the pavement has great potential in the aspects of raw materials, construction, operation, Conservation and other stages, as well as data acquisition and impact analysis of the research priorities and difficulties, put forward the Chinese road pavement LCA research recommendations.