采用紫外光分光光度法测定１５７ 名铅接触工人和３０名非铅接触工人红细胞Ｐ５’Ｎ 的活力，并同时测定血铅、红细胞游离原卟啉（ＦＥＰ） 及锌卟啉（ＺＰＰ） 、尿铅和尿δ－ 氨基酮戊酸（δ－ ａｍｉｎｏｌｅｖｕｌｉｎｉｃ ａｃｉｄ 简称δ－ ＡＬＡ） 值。结果表明，铅中毒组红细胞Ｐ５’Ｎ活力为２８４ ±１３２ 单位（μｍｏｌ 尿嘧啶／ｇＨｂ／ｈ） ，铅吸收组为５２７ ±１５３ 单位，铅接触组为９０６ ±２１３ 单位，非铅接触组为１１１９ ±２８６ 单位。方差分析显示各组间红细胞Ｐ５’Ｎ 活性存在明显差异（Ｐ＜ ０００１） 。相关分析表明：血铅与红细胞Ｐ５’Ｎ 活力、ＦＥＰ、ＺＰＰ、尿铅、尿δ－ ＡＬＡ 的相关系数分别为－０７６３７（Ｐ＜ ０００１） ，０５７３４（Ｐ＜ ０００１） ，０５７９４（Ｐ＜ ０００１） ，０４８２４（Ｐ＜ ０００１） ，０４６（Ｐ＜ ０００１） 。提示，红细胞Ｐ５’Ｎ 既可作为铅接触的监测指标，又可作为铅中毒的诊断指标 The activity of erythrocyte P5’N in 157 lead exposed workers and 30 non - lead exposed workers was measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and the levels of blood lead, erythrocyte free protoporphyrin (FEP) and zinc porphyrin (ZPP), urinary lead And urinary δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-aminolevulinic acid referred to as δ-ALA) values. The results showed that the activity of P5’N of erythrocytes in lead poisoning group was 284 ± 132 units (μmol uracil / gHb / h), the lead absorption group was 527 ± 153 units, and the lead exposure group was 906 ± 213 units, non-lead contact group was 1119 ± 286 units. Analysis of variance showed that P5’N activity of erythrocytes was significantly different between groups (P <0001). Correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients of P5’N activity, FEP, ZPP, urinary lead and urine δ-ALA between blood lead and erythrocyte were -0.7637 (P <0001) and 05734 ), 05794 (P <0001), 04824 (P <0001), 046 (P <0001). Tip, erythrocyte P5’N can be used as a monitoring indicator of lead exposure, but also as a diagnostic indicator of lead poisoning