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全世界约三分之一的人口感染过结核分枝杆菌,其导致的结核病仍然是全球公共卫生的严重威胁。结核菌是典型的胞内致病菌。结核菌的致病性与其成功逃避和利用宿主免疫应答等密切相关。控制结核病需要深入了解致病菌和宿主之间的相互作用。不同的动物模型是揭示致病菌-宿主相互作用的关键。海分枝杆菌-斑马鱼模型是最近才得以发展并获得了不少新见解的研究系统之一。本文总结了该模型揭示的海分枝杆菌毒力因子Erp、Esx-1、pmiA、Mel1和Mel2、KasB等,以及该模型的优缺点。这些结果为大动物模型研究和深入了解结核分枝杆菌感染人体的致病机理提供了线索。
About one third of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the resulting tuberculosis remains a serious threat to global public health. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a typical intracellular pathogens. The pathogenicity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is closely related to its successful escape and utilization of host immune response. Controlling tuberculosis requires a deep understanding of the interactions between pathogens and hosts. Different animal models are the key to revealing pathogen-host interactions. The Mycobacterium maritima-zebrafish model is one of a number of newly developed research systems that have only recently developed and gained much attention. This article summarizes the strains of Mycobacterium maritime virulence factors Erp, Esx-1, pmiA, Mel1 and Mel2, KasB, etc., as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the model. These results provide clues for large animal model studies and in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis infection in humans.